Response of Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. populations to nicosulfuron, rimsulfuron and cycloxidim in the Bosnia and Herzegovina
Keywords:
resistance, ALS-inhibitors, johnsongrass, weed control.
Abstract
Resistance of Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. to acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors has been reported worldwide, but has not previously been confirmed in Bosnia and Herzegovina. In this study, four populations were evaluated for their response to nicosulfuron, rimsulfuron, and cycloxydim using rhizome-derived plants. Resistance was assessed through a bioassay and molecular techniques based on PCR. Nicosulfuron and rimsulfuron were applied at 0.5×, 1×, 1.5×, and 2× the recommended dose, while cycloxydim was applied at recommended dose (1×). Phytotoxicity was assessed 20 days after treatment. Resistance to nicosulfuron and rimsulfuron was confirmed in two populations, whereas all tested populations remained susceptible to cycloxydim. Molecular analysis identified the Trp574-Leu mutation at frequencies of 14% and 50% in two populations. Given the extensive maize production and reliance on ALS inhibitors in weed control, early detection and the implementation of integrated weed management strategies are essential to delay and mitigate the spread of resistant johnsongrass.
References
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Bozic, D., Vrbnicanin S., Barac, M., Stefanovic, L.: Determination of johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.) level of sensibilty to nicosulfuron. Maydica, 52, 271-275, 2007.
Božić, D., Adamović, J., Tojić, T., Obradović, A., Vrbničanin, S.: Brza detekcija rezistentnosti divljeg sirka (Sorghum halepense L.) na herbicide ALS inhibitore pomoću Real-Time PCR tehnologije. XII kongres o korovima i savetovanje o herbicidima i regulatorima rasta, Zbornik rezimea, 31-32, 2024.
Božić, D., Elezović, I., Sarić, M., Onć-Jovanović, E., Vrbničanin, S.: (2010) Reakcije populacija Sorghum halepense L. (Pers.) na nikosulfuron, rimsulfuron i prosulfuron+primisulfuron-metil. Pestic. fitomed. (Beograd), 25 (3), 261-268, 2010.
Dejanović, R., Sambolek, H., Topolovec, D.: Rezistentnost korova Sorghum halepense na herbicide iz skupine inhibitora acetolaktat sintaze (ALS) i integrirani pristup u suzbijanju. Glasilo biljne zaštite, 18 (6), 542-549, 2018.
Heap, I.: The International Herbicide-Resistant Weed Database. Online. Tuesday, available www.weedscience.org. September 2, 2025.
Ilić, M., Bastajić, Đ., Lazarević, J., Nedeljković, D., Tojić, T.: Reakcije populacija korovskog suncokreta (Helianthus annuus L.) na imazamoks i nikosulfuron. Acta herbologica, 31 (2), 143-154, 2022.
Konstantinović, B., Meseldžija, M., Pavlović, D., Marić, D.: Rezistentnost korova na herbicide u svetu i kod nas. Acta herbologica, 17 (2) 1-5, 2008.
Kovačević, Z., Mitrić, S.: Invazivni i ekonomski štetni korovi na sjevernom dijelu teritorije Republike Srpske sa prijedlogom mjera konrtole. Poljoprivredni fakultet Univerziteta u Banjoj Luci, 2013.
Malidža, G., Krstić, J.: Prvi slučaj rezistentnosti divljeg sirka na cikloksidim i novi slučajevi rezistentnosti na ariloksifenoksi propionate u Srbiji: nove opomene veoma potcenjenog fenomena. XVII Savetovanje o zaštiti bilja, Zbornik rezimea radova, Zlatibor, 14-15, 2022.
Malidža, G., Rajković, M., Vrbničanin, S., Božić, D.: Cross-resistance of Sorghum halepense to ALS inhibitors in Serbia and implications for resistance management. VII Congress on Plant Protection, „Integrated Plant Protection Knowledge – Based Step Towards Sustainable Agriculture, Forestry and Landscape Architecture ”Book of Abstracts, 143-144, 2014.
Malidža, G., Rajković, M.: Rezistentnost divljeg sirka (Sorghum halepense (L) Pers.) na herbicide inhibitore ACCaze u Srbiji. XIV Savetovanje o zaštiti bilja, Zbornik rezimea radova, Zlatibor, 92-93, 2017.
Panozzo, S., Milani, A., Scarabel, L., Balogh, Á., Dancza, I., Sattin, M.: Occurrence of different resistance mechanisms to Acetolactate synthase inhibitors in European Sorghum halepense. J. Agric. Food Chem. 65, 7320−7327, 2017.
Saavedra-Avila J.I., Bolaños A, Avila L.A., Martins A.A., Vargas M.: Johnsongrass resistance to nicosulfuron. Adv Weed Sci. 43, 1-7, 2025.
Simić, M., Hamouzova, K., Soukup, J., Boz, Ö., Nikolić, A., Dragičević, V.: Testiranje korovske vrste Solanum nigrum L. na rezistentnost prema triazinskim herbicidima. Acta herbologica, 21 (2), 69-77, 2012.
Vrbničanin, S., Pavlović, D., Božić, D.: Weed Resistance to Herbicides. In: Herbicide Resistance (ed. Z. Pacanoski). InTech open science/open minds, 7-36, 2017.
Vrbničanin, S.: Rezistentnost korova na herbicide. Acta herbologica, 29 (2), 79-96, 2020.
Zimdahl, R. Ethics for weed science. Pak. J. Weed Sci. Res. 16 (2), 109-121, 2010.
Published
2026/02/02
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