Mikroskopska i spektroskopska karakterizacija orašica i sluzi Ocimum basilicum i Thymus vulgaris

  • Ana Alimpić Aradski
  • Ilinka Pećinar Univerzitet u Beogradu, Poljoprivredni fakultet, Katedra za agrobotaniku, Nemanjina 6, 11000 Beograd, Srbija
  • Smiljana Janković Univerzitet u Beogradu, Biološki fakultet, Institut za botaniku i Botanička bašta "Jevremovac", Studentski trg 16, 11000 Beograd, Srbija
  • Petar D. Marin Univerzitet u Beogradu, Biološki fakultet, Institut za botaniku i Botanička bašta "Jevremovac", Studentski trg 16, 11000 Beograd, Srbija
  • Dejan Pljevljakušić Institut za proučavanje lekovitog bilja "Dr Josif Pančić", Tadeuša Košćuška 1, 11000 Beograd, Srbija
  • Zora Dajić-Stevanović Univerzitet u Beogradu, Poljoprivredni fakultet, Katedra za agrobotaniku, Nemanjina 6, 11000 Beograd, Srbija
  • Katarina Šavikin Institut za proučavanje lekovitog bilja "Dr Josif Pančić", Tadeuša Košćuška 1, 11000 Beograd, Srbija
  • Sonja Duletić-Lauševič Univerzitet u Beogradu, Biološki fakultet, Institut za botaniku i Botanička bašta "Jevremovac", Studentski trg 16, 11000 Beograd, Srbija
Ključne reči: Thymus, Ocimum, Lamiaceae, orašice, sluz, mikromorfologija, spektroskopija

Sažetak


Ocimum basilicum L. (bosiljak) i Thymus vulgaris L. (timijan) su dobro poznate lekovite biljke familije Lamiaceae. Iako su mikromorfološke karakteristike orašica i produkcija njihove sluzi do sada delimično proučeni, cilj ovog rada je bio analiza uzoraka iz Srbije. Rezultati dobijeni steremikroskopom i skenirajućom elektronskom mikroskopijom ukazuju da se orašice proučavanih vrsta razlikuju po obliku, veličini, stopalnom ožiljku i obrascu ornamentacije. Iako su obe vrste produkovale mlečno belu sluz sa fibrilima, orašice bosiljka su se izdvojile po brzoj reakciji osluznjavanja, kao i produkciji veće količine sluzi. Takođe, ovo je prvi izveštaj o hemijskom sastavu orašica i sluzi dve vrste familije Lamiaceae koje su gajene u Srbiji i analizirane Ramanovom spektroskopijom. Evidentirane su pojedine razlike u hemijskom profilu orašica i sluzi među analiziranim vrstama. Razlike u sastavu orašica su uglavnom pripisane sadržaju fenolnih komponenti, masnih kiselina i proteina. Proučavane orašice predstavljaju bogat izvor fenola, nezasićenih masnih kiselina i polisaharida. Raman spektroskopija se pokazala kao veoma pogodna tehnika za analizu ovog tipa uzoraka, s obzirom da omogućava identifikaciju i ukazuje na prostorni raspored biljnih metabolita u uzorku. 

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2023/08/15
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