HARMONY AND AESTETICS OF FACIAL PROFILE

  • Tatjana Perović Medical Faculty, University of Niš, Serbia

Abstract


From the ancient times a face profile has represented a specific mark of every human being. We can clearly see racial and hereditary characteristics, development discrepancies of the facial skeleton but also emotions and age on it. Such is its specificity that to this day a profile represents a challenge for scientific research from the domain of medical science and anthropology but also as permanent inspiration of the most diverse types of visual arts. The purpose of this lecture is an attempt to classify facial profile in mathematical norms and proportions and also to have it characterized from the harmony and esthetic perspective with a brief historical turn to the profile analysis as well as to the influence that gives recognizable marks to a human face.

References

Heppt W J, Vent, J. The Facial Profile in the Context of Facial Aesthetics. Facial Plast Surg 2015; 31(05), 421-30.

Frith C.. Role of facial expressions in social interactions. Philos Trans R SocLond B Biol Sci 2009; 364: 3453-8.

Peck H, Peck S. A concept of facial esthetics. Angle Orthod 1970; 40: 284-318.

Al Taki A, Guidoum A. Facial profile preferences, self-awareness and perception among groups of people in the United Arab Emirates. J Orthod Sci 2014; 3(2): 55-61.

Spyropoulos MN, Halazonetis DJ. Significance of the soft tissue profile on facial esthetics. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2001; 119: 464–71.

Sundareswaran S, Ramakrishnan R. The Facial Aesthetic index: An additional tool for assessing treatment need. J Orthod Sci 2016; 5(2), 57–63.

Ramsbrock A. Korrigierte Körper – Eine Geschichte künstlicher Schönheit in der Moderne, 1st ed. Göttingen: Wallsteinverlag, 2011.

Javadpour FG, Khanemasjedi M. Soft tissue facial profile and anteroposterior lip positioning in Iranians. J Dent Sch GYEAR 2014; 32(2), 90-5.

Ozerović, B. Rendgenkraniometrija i rendgenkefalometrija. Beograd: Medicinska Knjiga, 1984.

Tanić T, Milić J, Radojičić J. Uvod u osnovne principe dijagnostike i terapije u Ortopediji vilica. Pančevo: Stomatološki fakultet, 2009.

Behrbohm H. Preoperative Management. https://plasticsurgerykey.com/preoperative-management/

Uzun A, Ozdemir F. Morphometric analysis of nasal shapes and angles in young adults. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2014; 80(5): 397-402.

Reis SAB, Abrão J, de Assis Claro CA, Capelozza Filho L. Evaluation of the determinants of facial profile aesthetics. Dental Press J Orthod 2011; 16(1): 57-67.

Morris W. An orthodontic view of dentofacial esthetics. Compend Contin Educ Dent 1994; 15(3): 378-90.

Ritter JM, Casey RJ, Langlois JH. Adults' responses to infants varying in appearance of age and attractiveness. Child Dev 1991; 62 (1), 68-82.

Müller G. Kiefer-Gebiß-Anomalien und Rasse. Fortschr. Kieferorthop 1965; 26(2): 101-45.

Broer PN, Juran S, Liu YJ. The Impact of geographic, ethnic, and demographic dynamics on the perception of beauty. J Craniofac Surg 2014; 25(2), 157-61.

Lew KK, Soh G, Loh E. Ranking of facial profiles among Asians. J Esthet Dent 1992; 4: 128-30.

Cochrane SM, Cunningham SJ, Hunt NP. A comparison of the perception of facial profile by the general public and 3 groups of clinicians. Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg, 1999; 14: 291-5.

Cox NH, van der Linden FP. Facial harmony. Am J Orthod 1971; 60: 175–83.

Ofodile FA, Bokhari F. The African-American nose: Part II. Ann Plast Surg 1995; 34(2): 123-29.

Porter JP, Olson KL. Analysis of the African American female nose. Plast Reconstr Surg 2003; 111(2): 620-6.

Sheridan, CS, Thomas CD, Clement JG. Quantification of ethnic differences in facial profile. Aust Orthod J 1997; 14(4): 218-24.

Dongieux J, Sassouni V. The contribution of mandibular positioned variation to facial esthetics. Angle Orthod 1980; 50(4): 334-9.

Bittner C, Pancherz H. Facial morphology and malocclusions. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1990; 97(4): 308-15.

Reis SAB, Abrão J, Capelozza Filho L, Claro CAA. Estudo comparativo do perfil facial dos Padrões I, II e III portadores de selamento labial passivo. Rev Dental Press Ortod Ortop Facial 2006; 11(4): 36-45.

Reis SAB, Abrão J, Capelozza Filho L, Claro CAA. Análise facial numérica do perfil de brasileiros Padrão I. Rev Dental Press Ortod Ortop Facial 2006; 11(6): 24-34.

Czarnecki ST, Nanda RS, Currier GF. Perceptions of a balanced facial profile. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1993; 104(2): 180-7.

Auger TA, Turley PK. The female soft tissue profile as presented in fashion magazines during the 1900s: a photographic analysis. Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg 1999; 14(1): 7-18.

Mantzikos T Esthetic soft tissue profile preferences among the Japanese population. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1998; 114: 1-7.

Soh J, Chew MT, Wong HB. Professional assessment of facial profile attractiveness. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2005; 128: 201-5.

Chung EH, Borzabadi-Farahani A, Yen SL. Clinicians and laypeople assessment of facial attractiveness in patients with cleft lip and palate treated with LeFort I surgery or late maxillary protraction. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2013; 77, 1446-50.

Published
2019/02/02
Section
Review Paper