Pravne dileme moždane smrti trudne žene - slučaj Marlise Munjoz

  • Jagoda V Drljača Institut društvenih nauka, Centar za pravna istraživanja, Beograd
Ključne reči: moždana smrt, izjave date unapred, Zakon o izjavama datim unapred države Teksas (TADA), trudnoća, derogiranje volje lica, pravo na izbor, nepovredivost telesnog integriteta, dostojanstvena smrt

Sažetak


: Predmet ovog članka predstavlja slučaj koji se desio 2013. godine u Teksasu, a koji je izazvao veliku polemiku medicinske i pravne struke i uzburkao javnost. Marlisa Munjoz, 14. nedelja trudna, je doživela masivnu plućnu emboliju koja je rezultirala moždanom smrću. Marlisina volja je bila da je u slučaju ireverzibilnog oštećenja mozga lekari veštački ne održavaju. Uprkos Marlisinoj volji koju je izneo njen suprug Erik, a potvrdili njeni roditelji, lekari su odlučili da je zbog trudnoće veštački održavaju do porođaja, odnosno dok je fetus vitalan. Uporište za ovakvu odluku su našli u Zakonu o izjavama datim unapred države Teksas (TADA). Osnovni problem ovako postavljenog propisa i tumačenja jeste kolizija prava individue koja je donela odluku o svom telesnom integritetu i prava fetusa da se i dalje razvija. U ovom slučaju nisu uzete u obzir ni moždane anomalije i oštećenja koje bi pretrpeo fetus koji bi se razvijao od 14. nedelje u uslovima višemesečnog veštačkog održavanja moždano mrtve majke. Cilj istraživanja je da se analiziraju izjave date unapred, da li propisi derogiraju volju lica kada se radi o trudnoj ženi, (ne)opravdanost derogiranja, sa posebnim osvrtom na sporni TADA. U zaključnim razmatranjima ću analizirati koje se pravne i etičke dileme otvaraju u ovim slučajevima.

Biografija autora

Jagoda V Drljača, Institut društvenih nauka, Centar za pravna istraživanja, Beograd

Diplomirani pravnik- master

Doktorand, Javno pravo, Pravni fakultet Univerziteta u Novom Sadu

Reference

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Izvori prava
1. Government of Texas, Texas Advance Directive Act, Austin, 1999. Dostupno na: https://statutes.capitol.texas.gov/Docs/HS/htm/HS.166.htm

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Sudska praksa
1. Tužbeni zahtev u postupku Munjoz vs J. P. Smith. Dostupno na: https://lrl.texas.gov/scanned/archive/2014/22695.pdf

2. Izreka presude u postupku Munjoz vs J.P. Smith. Dostupno na: http://thaddeuspope.com/images/MUNOZ_202053415-Judges-Order-on-Munoz-Matter.pdf

3. Cruzan vs Director, Missouri Department of Health, 497 U.S. 261, 25.06.1990. Dostupno na: https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/497/261/
4. Pretty vs UK, ( App. No. 2346/02), 29.04.2002.
Objavljeno
2020/09/10
Rubrika
Pregledni rad