Criminal Protection of the Environment of the Republic of Serbia in the Light of the New EU Directive From 2024
Keywords:
environment, endangerment, criminal offense, directive, Republika Srpska
Abstract
The system of environmental criminal offenses under the Criminal Code of Republika Srpska provides for several criminal offenses against the environment, in their basic or qualified forms, together with the penalties prescribed for their perpetrators. Given the need for efficient and high-quality criminal law protection of the environment as a whole, or of its individual elements, it is necessary continuously to update existing legislative solutions with a view to improving them, both from the perspective of the needs of modern crime suppression policy and, even more importantly, because of the emergence of new and different forms of damaging or endangering the environment. This is also supported by the need to harmonize national criminal law systems with relevant international standards. In this paper, the author analyzes the new solutions contained in the 2024 European Union Directive on the protection of the environment through criminal law from the perspective of their implementation in the criminal legislation of Republika Srpska.
References
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Brack, D. (2002). Combatting international environmental crime. Global Environmental Change, 12 (2), 143–147.
Brihi, S. (2022). Environmental criminal law in the French legal framework. Paris: Moncey Advocats.
Bugarski, T. (2015). Krivični postupak za dela protiv životne sredine. Zbornik radova Pravnog fakulteta u Novom Sadu, 49(4), 16–37.
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Delić, N. (2021). Krivično pravo. Posebni deo. Beograd: Pravni fakultet.
2019
Ding, X., Shahzad, M. (2022). Environmental administrative penalty, environmental disclosures, and the firm’s cash flow: evidence from manufacturing firms in China. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 29(24), 36674-36683.
Đorđević, Đ., Kolarić, D. (2020). Krivično pravo. Posebni deo. Beograd: Kriminalističko-policijski univerzitet, 167.
Федоров, Н. (2024). Дикая природа нуждается в защите Об истории укрепления уголовного права в области защиты окружающей среды. Экология и право 89, (9), 4-9, (дата обращения: 25.04.2025).
Fischer, M. (2011). Deutschlands Umweltstrafrecht unter Änderungsdruck der EU. NuR 33, 564–566. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10357-011-2117-8.
Jovašević, D. (2011). Sistem ekoloških krivičnih dela. Niš: Pravni fakultet, 78–91.
Ding, X., Shahzad, M. (2022). Environmental administrative penalty, environmental disclosures, and the firm’s cash flow: evidence from manufacturing firms in China. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 29(24).
Ding, X., Qu, Y., Shahzad, M. (2019). The impact of environmental administrative penalties on the disclosure of environmental information. Sustainability, 11(20).
Jovašević, D., Mitrović, V., Ikanović, V. (2017). Krivično pravo. Posebni deo. Banja Luka: Panevropski univerzitet Apeiron.
Jovašević, D., Mitrović, Lj., Ikanović, V. (2021). Komentar Krivičnog zakonika Republike Srpske. Banja Luka: Službeni glasnik.
Jovašević, D., Miladinović Stefanović, D. (2023). Krivično pravo. Posebni deo. Niš: Pravni fakultet.
Joldžić, V., Jovašević, D. (2012). Ekološko krivično pravo. Beograd: Institut za kriminološka i sociološka istraživanja, 87–109.
Johnson, J. B., Omland, K. S. (2004). Model selection in ecology and evolution. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 19 (2), 101–108.
Keller, D. (1997). Gleaning Lessons from Deep Ecology. Ethics and the Environment, 2 (2), 139–148.
Knaut, S. (2005). Das deutsche Umweltstrafrecht. In: Die Europäisierung des Umweltstrafrechts. Studien zum Wirtschaftsstrafrecht. vol 23. Centaurus Verlag & Media, Herbolzheim.
Kröger, D., Klauß, I. (2001). Umweltstrafrecht. In: Umweltrecht. Recht – schnell erfaßt. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 337–358.
Kuzmanović, R. (2011). Ustavno pravo. Banja Luka: Pravni fakultet.
Kunić, P., Karan, S. (2012). Ustavno pravo. Banja Luka: Panevropski univerzitet Apeiron.
Laufhütte, H., Möhrenschlager, M. (1989). Umweltstrafrecht in neuer Gestalt. Zeitschrift für die gesamte Strafrechtswissenschaft , vol. 92, no. 4, 912–972. https://doi. org/10. 1515/zstw.1 980. 92.4.912.
Lazarević, Lj., Vučković, B., Vučković, V. (2004). Komentar Krivičnog zakonika. Cetinje: Obod.
Li, L. (2018). The Legislative model of Environmental Criminal Law in Germany and its reference to our country [J]. Journal of law, 33 (11).
Mališ Sazdovska, M. (2006). Posebne istražne radnje u suzbijanju ekološkog kriminaliteta. Pravni život (9), 1041–1049.
Marković, G. (2021). Ustavno pravo. Istočno Sarajevo: Pravni fakultet.
May, R. (1999). Unanswered questions in ecology. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B. 354 (1392), 1951–1959. doi:10.1098/rstb.1999.0534.
Naess, A. (1973). The shallow and the deep, long-range ecology movement. A summary. Inquiry: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Philosophy, 16 (1–4).
Norton, B. G. (1991). Toward Unity Among Environmentalists. Oxford University Press.
Овчинников, А. (2024). Улики экоцида Как собирают данные для анализа экологического ущерба от полномасштабного вторжения России в Украину. Экология и право, 89, (9). (pristupljeno: 1. 5. 2025).
Pavišić, B., Grozdanić, V., Veić, P. (2007). Komentar Kaznenog zakona. Zagreb: Narodne novine.
Papathanasiou, K. (2017). Environmental Criminal Law: A Vital Part of the Regulatory Framework. In: Mathis, K., Huber, B. (eds) Environmental Law and Economics. Economic Analysis of Law in European Legal Scholarship, vol 4. Springer, Cham.
Petković, G. (2012). Ekocid - pravni i moralni aspekt. Pravni život, (9), 583–598.
Petrović, B., Jovašević, D., Ferhatović, A. (2016). Krivično pravo 2. Sarajevo: Pravni fakultet.
Petrović, B., Ferhatović, A., Jovašević, D. (2024). Krivično pravo. Posebni dio. Sarajevo: Pravni fakultet.
Pisarić, M. (2015). Pretpostavke za otkrivanje ekološkog kriminaliteta. Zbornik radova Pravnog fakulteta u Novom Sadu, 49(2), 787–792.
Rozzi, R. (1999). The Reciprocal Links between Evolutionary – Ecological Sciences and Environmental Ethics. BioScience, 49(11), 911–921.
Saliger, F. (2008). Umweltstrafrecht. Academia Iuris: Lehrbücher der Rechtswissenschaft. Heymann.
Schall, H. (1998). Systematische Übersicht der Rechtsprechung zum Umweltstrafrecht, In: NStZ-Rechtsprechungs-Report Strafrecht Year, 3(12).
Schneider, D. D. (2001). The rise of the concept of scale in ecology. BioScience, 51 (7), 545–553.
Turković, K., Novoselec, P., Grozdanić, V., Kurtović Mišić, A., Derenčinović, D., Bojanić, I.,… Maršavelski, A. (2013). Komentar Kaznenog zakona. Zagreb: Narodne novine.
Vollaard, B. (2017). Temporal displacement of environmental crime: Evidence from marine oil pollution. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 82.
Watson, A. R. (1983). A Critique of Anti-Anthropocentric Biocentrism. Environmental Ethics, 5 (3), 245–256.
White, R. (2003). Environmental Issues and the Criminological Imagination. Theoretical Criminology, 7(4), 483–506.
Zhenghang, F., Zhenghang, F. (2022). Study on the legislative Mode of Environmental Criminal Law. Academic Journal of Humanities & Social Sciences, 5 (17).
Zhou, E. C. (2015). Research on Environmental crime legislation. Ocean University of China.
Haeri, H., Munoz-Pons, V., Touanssa, M. (2021). The specialization of environmental criminal justice: a review of the law of environmental criminal justice: focus on 24 December 2020. Dalloz Actualité.
Pravni izvori
European Union: Council of the European Union, Directive (EU) 2024/1203 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 April 2024 on the protection of the environment through criminal law and replacing Directives 2008/99/EC and 2009/123/EC, PE/82/2023/REV/1 OJ L, 2024/1203, 30 April 2024.
Krivični zakon, Službeni glasnik Bosne i Hercegovine, br. 3/2003, 32/2003, 37/2003, 54/2004, 61/2004, 30/2005, 53/2006, 55/2006, 32/2007, 8/2010, 47/2014, 22/2015, 40/2015, 35/2018, 46/2021, 31/2023. i 47/2023.
Krivični zakonik, Službeni glasnik Republike Srpske, br. 64/2017, 104/2018, 15/2021, 89/2021, 73/2023, 9/2024. i 105/2024.
Ustav Republike Srpske, Službeni glasnik Republike Srpske, br. 21/1992, 28/1994, 8/1996, 13/1996, 15/1996, 16/1996, 21/1996, 21/2002, 26/2002, 30/2002, 31/2002, 69/2002, 31/2003, 98/2003, 115/2005, 117/2005, 48/2011. i 73/2019.
Brack, D. (2002). Combatting international environmental crime. Global Environmental Change, 12 (2), 143–147.
Brihi, S. (2022). Environmental criminal law in the French legal framework. Paris: Moncey Advocats.
Bugarski, T. (2015). Krivični postupak za dela protiv životne sredine. Zbornik radova Pravnog fakulteta u Novom Sadu, 49(4), 16–37.
Буйлов, О. П., Брусенцев, В. И. (2015). Общая характеристика экологических преступлений. классификация экологических преступлений. Международный студенческий научный вестник. 2015. № 2–3, 282–283 , Dostupno na: https://eduherald. ru/ru/article/view?id=12264 (pristupljeno: 17. 5. 2025).
Vuletić, I. (2023). Osvrt na ekocentrični model zaštite okoliša u hrvatskom kaznenom pravu – deset godina nakon pristupanja EU. Glasnik Advokatske komore Vojvodine, 95(4), 1292–1304.
Delić, N. (2021). Krivično pravo. Posebni deo. Beograd: Pravni fakultet.
2019
Ding, X., Shahzad, M. (2022). Environmental administrative penalty, environmental disclosures, and the firm’s cash flow: evidence from manufacturing firms in China. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 29(24), 36674-36683.
Đorđević, Đ., Kolarić, D. (2020). Krivično pravo. Posebni deo. Beograd: Kriminalističko-policijski univerzitet, 167.
Федоров, Н. (2024). Дикая природа нуждается в защите Об истории укрепления уголовного права в области защиты окружающей среды. Экология и право 89, (9), 4-9, (дата обращения: 25.04.2025).
Fischer, M. (2011). Deutschlands Umweltstrafrecht unter Änderungsdruck der EU. NuR 33, 564–566. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10357-011-2117-8.
Jovašević, D. (2011). Sistem ekoloških krivičnih dela. Niš: Pravni fakultet, 78–91.
Ding, X., Shahzad, M. (2022). Environmental administrative penalty, environmental disclosures, and the firm’s cash flow: evidence from manufacturing firms in China. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 29(24).
Ding, X., Qu, Y., Shahzad, M. (2019). The impact of environmental administrative penalties on the disclosure of environmental information. Sustainability, 11(20).
Jovašević, D., Mitrović, V., Ikanović, V. (2017). Krivično pravo. Posebni deo. Banja Luka: Panevropski univerzitet Apeiron.
Jovašević, D., Mitrović, Lj., Ikanović, V. (2021). Komentar Krivičnog zakonika Republike Srpske. Banja Luka: Službeni glasnik.
Jovašević, D., Miladinović Stefanović, D. (2023). Krivično pravo. Posebni deo. Niš: Pravni fakultet.
Joldžić, V., Jovašević, D. (2012). Ekološko krivično pravo. Beograd: Institut za kriminološka i sociološka istraživanja, 87–109.
Johnson, J. B., Omland, K. S. (2004). Model selection in ecology and evolution. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 19 (2), 101–108.
Keller, D. (1997). Gleaning Lessons from Deep Ecology. Ethics and the Environment, 2 (2), 139–148.
Knaut, S. (2005). Das deutsche Umweltstrafrecht. In: Die Europäisierung des Umweltstrafrechts. Studien zum Wirtschaftsstrafrecht. vol 23. Centaurus Verlag & Media, Herbolzheim.
Kröger, D., Klauß, I. (2001). Umweltstrafrecht. In: Umweltrecht. Recht – schnell erfaßt. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 337–358.
Kuzmanović, R. (2011). Ustavno pravo. Banja Luka: Pravni fakultet.
Kunić, P., Karan, S. (2012). Ustavno pravo. Banja Luka: Panevropski univerzitet Apeiron.
Laufhütte, H., Möhrenschlager, M. (1989). Umweltstrafrecht in neuer Gestalt. Zeitschrift für die gesamte Strafrechtswissenschaft , vol. 92, no. 4, 912–972. https://doi. org/10. 1515/zstw.1 980. 92.4.912.
Lazarević, Lj., Vučković, B., Vučković, V. (2004). Komentar Krivičnog zakonika. Cetinje: Obod.
Li, L. (2018). The Legislative model of Environmental Criminal Law in Germany and its reference to our country [J]. Journal of law, 33 (11).
Mališ Sazdovska, M. (2006). Posebne istražne radnje u suzbijanju ekološkog kriminaliteta. Pravni život (9), 1041–1049.
Marković, G. (2021). Ustavno pravo. Istočno Sarajevo: Pravni fakultet.
May, R. (1999). Unanswered questions in ecology. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B. 354 (1392), 1951–1959. doi:10.1098/rstb.1999.0534.
Naess, A. (1973). The shallow and the deep, long-range ecology movement. A summary. Inquiry: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Philosophy, 16 (1–4).
Norton, B. G. (1991). Toward Unity Among Environmentalists. Oxford University Press.
Овчинников, А. (2024). Улики экоцида Как собирают данные для анализа экологического ущерба от полномасштабного вторжения России в Украину. Экология и право, 89, (9). (pristupljeno: 1. 5. 2025).
Pavišić, B., Grozdanić, V., Veić, P. (2007). Komentar Kaznenog zakona. Zagreb: Narodne novine.
Papathanasiou, K. (2017). Environmental Criminal Law: A Vital Part of the Regulatory Framework. In: Mathis, K., Huber, B. (eds) Environmental Law and Economics. Economic Analysis of Law in European Legal Scholarship, vol 4. Springer, Cham.
Petković, G. (2012). Ekocid - pravni i moralni aspekt. Pravni život, (9), 583–598.
Petrović, B., Jovašević, D., Ferhatović, A. (2016). Krivično pravo 2. Sarajevo: Pravni fakultet.
Petrović, B., Ferhatović, A., Jovašević, D. (2024). Krivično pravo. Posebni dio. Sarajevo: Pravni fakultet.
Pisarić, M. (2015). Pretpostavke za otkrivanje ekološkog kriminaliteta. Zbornik radova Pravnog fakulteta u Novom Sadu, 49(2), 787–792.
Rozzi, R. (1999). The Reciprocal Links between Evolutionary – Ecological Sciences and Environmental Ethics. BioScience, 49(11), 911–921.
Saliger, F. (2008). Umweltstrafrecht. Academia Iuris: Lehrbücher der Rechtswissenschaft. Heymann.
Schall, H. (1998). Systematische Übersicht der Rechtsprechung zum Umweltstrafrecht, In: NStZ-Rechtsprechungs-Report Strafrecht Year, 3(12).
Schneider, D. D. (2001). The rise of the concept of scale in ecology. BioScience, 51 (7), 545–553.
Turković, K., Novoselec, P., Grozdanić, V., Kurtović Mišić, A., Derenčinović, D., Bojanić, I.,… Maršavelski, A. (2013). Komentar Kaznenog zakona. Zagreb: Narodne novine.
Vollaard, B. (2017). Temporal displacement of environmental crime: Evidence from marine oil pollution. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 82.
Watson, A. R. (1983). A Critique of Anti-Anthropocentric Biocentrism. Environmental Ethics, 5 (3), 245–256.
White, R. (2003). Environmental Issues and the Criminological Imagination. Theoretical Criminology, 7(4), 483–506.
Zhenghang, F., Zhenghang, F. (2022). Study on the legislative Mode of Environmental Criminal Law. Academic Journal of Humanities & Social Sciences, 5 (17).
Zhou, E. C. (2015). Research on Environmental crime legislation. Ocean University of China.
Haeri, H., Munoz-Pons, V., Touanssa, M. (2021). The specialization of environmental criminal justice: a review of the law of environmental criminal justice: focus on 24 December 2020. Dalloz Actualité.
Pravni izvori
European Union: Council of the European Union, Directive (EU) 2024/1203 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 April 2024 on the protection of the environment through criminal law and replacing Directives 2008/99/EC and 2009/123/EC, PE/82/2023/REV/1 OJ L, 2024/1203, 30 April 2024.
Krivični zakon, Službeni glasnik Bosne i Hercegovine, br. 3/2003, 32/2003, 37/2003, 54/2004, 61/2004, 30/2005, 53/2006, 55/2006, 32/2007, 8/2010, 47/2014, 22/2015, 40/2015, 35/2018, 46/2021, 31/2023. i 47/2023.
Krivični zakonik, Službeni glasnik Republike Srpske, br. 64/2017, 104/2018, 15/2021, 89/2021, 73/2023, 9/2024. i 105/2024.
Ustav Republike Srpske, Službeni glasnik Republike Srpske, br. 21/1992, 28/1994, 8/1996, 13/1996, 15/1996, 16/1996, 21/1996, 21/2002, 26/2002, 30/2002, 31/2002, 69/2002, 31/2003, 98/2003, 115/2005, 117/2005, 48/2011. i 73/2019.
Published
2026/07/03
Section
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