OČEKIVANA GENETIČKA DOBIT ZA MASU HILJADU ZRNA I BROJ ZRNA PO KLASU HLEBNE PŠENICE I DURUM PŠENICE
Sažetak
Ciljevi ovog istraživanja su bili da se prouči varijabilnost, komponente varijanse, heritabilnost u širem smislu (h2) i očekivana genetička dobit za masu hiljadu zrna (MHZ) i broj zrna po klasu (BZK) za 15 genotipova hlebne pšenice i 15 genotipova durum pšenice. Poljski ogledi su izvedeni tokom 2010-2011 i 2011-2012 godine na tri lokaliteta: Rimski Šančevi, Zemun Polje i Padinska Skela. Rezultati istraživanja su pokazali da je genetička komponenta varijanse (σ2g) bila dominantna u fenotipskoj ekspresiji MHZ hlebne i durum pšenice i BZK hlebne pšenice. Komponenta fenotipske varijanse usled interakcije genotip × sredina (σ2ge) je bila 8,72 puta veća od σ2g za BZK durum pšenice i ukazala je na veću nestabilnost genotipova durum pšenice za ovu osobinu. h2 je bila veoma visoka (>90%) za MHZ i BZK hlebne pšenice, visoka za MHZ hlebne pšenice-87,3% i niska za BZK durum pšenice-39.5%. Uzimajući u obzir visoke ostvarene vrednosti za h2-96.4% i za očekivanu genetičku dobit izraženu u procentima od proseka (GAM)-19,3% za MHZ hlebne pšenice moguće je predvideti uspeh selekcije pri oplemenjivanju ove komponente prinosa. Uspeh selekcije se ne može predvideti za BZK durum pšenice zbog niskih dobijenih vrednosti za h2 i GAM od 39,5% i 2,8%.
Reference
Ahmed, M., Hassan, F.U., Aslam, M.A., Akram, M.N., Akmal, M. (2011): Regression model for the study of sole and cumulative effect of temperature and solar radiation on wheat yield. African Journal of Biotechnology 10:9114-9121.
Akçura, M. (2009): Genetic variability and interrelationship among grain yield and some quality traits in Turkish winter durum wheat landraces. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 33:547-556.
Ali, I.H., Shakor, E.F. (2012): Heritability, variability, genetic correlation and path analysis for quantitative traits in durum and bread wheat under dry farming conditions. Mesopotamia Journal of Agriculture 40:27-39.
Ali, Y., Atta, B.M., Akhter, J., Monneveux, P., Lateef, Z. (2008): Genetic variability, association and diversity studies in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm. Pakistan Journal of Botany 40:2087-2097.
Aycicek, M., Yildirim, T. (2006): Heritability of yield and some yield components in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes. Bangladesh Journal of Botany 35:17-22.
Baril, C.P. (1992): Factor regression for interpreting genotype × environment interaction in bread-wheat trials. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 83:1022-1026.
Baum, M., Impiglia, A., Ketata, H., Nachit, M. (1995): Studies on some grain quality traits in durum wheat grown in Mediterranean environments. In: Di Fonzo, N., Kaan, F., Nachit, M. (Eds.), Durum wheat quality in the Mediterranean region. CIHEAM, Zaragoza, pp. 181-187.
Bell, M.A., Fischer, R.A., Byerlee, D., Sayre, K. (1995): Genetic and agronomic contributions to yield gains: a case study for wheat. Field Crops Research 44:55-65.
Berger, M., Planchon, C. (1990): Physiological factors determining yield in bread wheat- effects of introducing dwarfism genes. Euphytica 51:33-39.
Blakeney, A.B., Cracknell, R.L., Crosbie, G.B., Jefferies, S.P., Miskelly, D.M., O’Brien, L., Panozzo, J.F., Suter, D.A.I., Solah, V., Watts, T., Westcott, T., Williams, R.M. (2009): Understanding Australian wheat quality. Wheat quality objectives Group. Kingston, Australia.
Cseuz, L., Fonad, P., Kertesz, C., Kertesz, Z., Kovacs, I., Matuz, J., Ovari, J. (2008): Progress in yield components and yield potential in bread wheat and durum wheat genotypes. In: Molina-Cano, J.L. et al. (Eds.), Cereal science and technology for feeding ten billion people: genomics era and beyond. CIHEAM / IRTA, Zaragoza, pp. 383-386.
Degewione, A., Dejene, T., Sharif, M. (2013): Genetic variability and traits association in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes. International Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences 1:19-29.
Eid, M.H. (2009): Estimation of heritability and genetic advance of yield traits in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under drought condition. International Journal of Genetics and Molecular Biology 1:115-120.
Erkul, A., Ünay, A., Konak, C. (2010): Inheritance of yield and yield components in a bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cross. Turkish Journal of Field Crops 15:137-140.
Falconer, D.S. (1981): Introduction to quantitative genetics. Longman, London.
Fethi, B., Mohamed, E.G. (2010): Epistasis and genotype-by-environment interaction of grain yield related traits in durum wheat. Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science 2:024-029.
Gate, P. (2007): Le blé face au changement climatique. Perspectives Agriculture 336:20-56.
Johnson, H.W., Robinson H.F., Comstock, R.E. (1955): Estimates of genetic and environmental variability in soyabean. Agronomy Journal 47:314-318.
Kashif, M., Khaliq, I. (2004): Heritability, correlation and path coefficient analysis for some metric traits in wheat. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 6:138-142.
Kumar, A.B.N., Hunshal, C.S. (1998): Correlation and path coefficient analysis in durum wheats (Triticum durum Desf.) under different planting dates. Crop Research Hisar 16:358-361.
Lv, L., Yao, Y., Zhang, L., Dong Z.,, Jia, X., Liang, S., Ji, J. (2013): Winter wheat grain yield and its components in the North China Plain: irrigation management, cultivation, and climate. Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research 73:233-242.
Mohammadi, M., Karimizadeh, R., Shefazadeh, M.K., Sadeghzadeh, B. (2011): Statistical analysis of durum wheat yield under semi-warm dryland condition. Australian Journal of Crop Science 5:1292-1297.
Poehlman, J.M. (1987): Breeding Field Crops. Avi Publishing Company, Inc., Westport Connecticut.
Reynolds, M.P., Rajaram, S., Sayre, K.D. (1999): Physiological and genetic changes of irrigated wheat in the post-green revolution period and approaches for meeting projected global demand. Crop Science 39:1611-1621.
Statsoft, (2009): STATISTICA for windows. StatSoft, Inc., Tulsa, USA.
Tsegaye, D., Dessalegn, T., Dessalegn, Y., Share, G. (2012): Genetic variability, correlation and path analysis in durum wheat germplasm (Triticum durum Desf). Agricultural Research and Reviews 1:107-112.
