UTICAJ TIPA I SABIJENOSTI ZEMLJIŠTA NA PRINOS KUKURUZA
Abstract
Cilj ovoga rada je bio da se utvrdi prinos različitih hibrida kukuruza (Zea mays L.) u zavisnosti od tipa i sabijenosti zemljišta. Ogled je postavljen tokom 2016 i 2017 godine na teritorije opštine Leskovac, na tri različita tipa zemljišta (aluvijum, smonica i parapodzol). U ogledu je bilo uključeno 9 hibrida kukuruza različitih FAO grupa zrenja (NS 4051, AGR DIAN, ZP 427, NS 5211, ZP 555, AS 534, NS 6030, ZP 666 i Bećar). Najveći prosečni prinosi ostvareni su na aluvijumu, potom parapodzolu a najmanji na smonici. Najveći prosečan prinos za sve tipove zemljišta ostvaren je u FAO grupi zrenja 500, a najmanji u FAO grupi zrenja 400. Na zemljištu tipa smonice, najveći prosečni prinos ostvarila je FAO grupa zrenja 500, na zemljištu tipa parapodzol FAO grupa zrenja 400 a na zemljištu tipa aluvijum FAO grupa zrenja 600. Najveći prosečni prinos (11.90 t ha-1) ostvario je hibrid ZP 666 na zemljištu tipa aluvijum, a najmanji (4.60 t ha-1) hibrid NS 6030, na zemljištu tipa smonice. Najveća sabijenost zemljišta u oraničnom sloju utvrđena je na smonici, potom na parapodzolu a najmanja na aluvijumu. Ovi podaci o prosečnim prinosima govore o pogodnostima pojedinih tipova zemljišta za proizvodnju kukuruza i daju smernice proizvođačima za odabir najrodnijih hibrida koje žele gajiti na svojim njivama.
Ključne reči: hibridi, FAO grupa zrenja, smonica, parapodzol, aluvijum.
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