UTICAJ ELEKTRIČNOG NAPONA NA KLIJAVOST SEMENA LEGUMINOZA
Sažetak
Cilj rada je bio ispitivanje uticaja elektrostatičkog polja na seme soje (Glycine max L.), grahorice (Vicia spp. L.), graška (Pisum sativum L.), sastrice (Lathyrus sativus L.) i nauta (Cicer arietinum L.) koji su selekcionisani na Institutu za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo u Novom Sadu. Za tretiranje je korišćen jednosmerni napon jačine 9 V. Vreme tretiranja semena iznosilo je 0 (kontrola), 1, 2 I 3 minuta. Prekidač je postavljen između jedne electrode i baterije tako da se strujno kolo između pomenutih elektroda, između kojih je postavljeno seme koje se tretira, može u bilo kom trenutku prekinuti. Tokom eksperimenta praćene su vrednosti napona, kako bi se utvrdilo da li je elektrostatičko polje između elektroda konstantno tj. nepromenljivo tokom vremena. Nakon tretiranja ispitan je kvalitet semena primenom standardnog testa klijavosti (optimalna temperature) i hladnog testa (niska temperature). Rezultati istraživanja su pokazali da je efekat elektrostatičkog polja na kvalitet semena zavisio je od biljne vrste, vremena tretiranja semena i temperaturnih uslova u kojima je seme klijalo nakon tretiranja. Povećanje energije klijanja se kretalo, do 18,18% kod grahorice, a smanjenje do 12% kod nauta. Značajno veći uticaj primena elektrostatičkog polja imala je na semenu koje je posle tretiranja izloženo niskoj temperature u procesu klijanja. Povećanje klijavosti semena se kretalo do 82,35% kod nauta, a smanjenje do 92,68% kod graška. Takođe, dobijeni dobijeni rezultati ukazuju na to da se ne može govoriti o univerzalnoj primeni određenog vremena tretiranja, jer se može dogoditi da ono ne odgovara određenoj biljnoj vrsti, pa može doći do pogoršanja kvaliteta semena.
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