UPOREDNO OCENJIVANJE METODA ZA DETEKCIJU PHYTOPHTHORA INFESTANS PATOGENA KROMIRA NA MAURICIJUSU
DETEKCIJU PHYTOPHTHORA INFESTANS PATOGENA KROMIRA
Sažetak
Plamenjača, bolest koju izaziva oomiceta Phytophthora infestans predstavlja veću opasnost za usev krompira nego bilo koja druga bolest na Mauricijusu. Nakon pojave simptoma suzbijanje je vrlo teško, što ukazuje da je neophodno ustanoviti način brze detekcije u cilju obezbeđenja primene efikasnih mera suzbijanja. Osnovni cilj ovih istraživanja bio je da su uporede različite metode za ranu detekciju prouzrokovača plamenjače krompira. Metode zasnovane na konvencionalnim metodama uključile su direktnu izolaciju P. infestans iz zaraženih listova bez dodavanja antibionitka na podlogu od komadića mrkve (CPA), podlogu od mrkve i saharoze (CSA), komercijalni krompir dektrozni agar (CPDA), svež krompir dekstrozni agar (FPDA-1 and FPDA-2), podlogu od ovsa (OMA), podlogu od graška i saharoze (PSA) i vodeni agar (WA). Porast micelije na podlogama identifikovan je korišćenjem molekularnih metoda. Direktna detekcja bez prethodne izolacije takođe je primenjena. Ukupna genomna DNA direktno je ekstrahovana iz listova sa simptomima i sporulacijom, nakon čega je PCR amplifikacija i sekvenciranje obavljeno primenom prajmera ITS5/ITS4. Po opadajućoj pogodnosti podloge se mogu poređati na sledeći način: PSA >>> CSA ~ FPDA-1 > CPA ~ CPDA ~ OMA, pri čemu je
Reference
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Arora, R.K., Sharma, S., & Singh, B.P. (2014). Late Blight Disease of Potato and Its
Management. Potato Journal, 41 (1), 16-40.
Autrey, L.J.C., Ferré, P., & Ricaud, C. (1985). Prospects of Increasing Potato Production In
Mauritius With Clones Introduced Through the International Potato Center. Acta Horticulturae, 153, 295-302.
Campos, H., & Ortiz, O. (2020). The Potato Crop: Its Agricultural, Nutritional and Social
Contribution to Humankind. Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
Drenth, A., & Sendall, B. (2001). Practical guide to detection and identification of
Phytophthora. Australia: CRC for Tropical Plant Protection. Retrieved December 23, 2020, from https://docplayer.net/17681728-Practical-guide-to-detection-and-identification-of-phytophthora.html
Drenth, A., Wagels, G., Smith, B., Sendall, B., O’Dwyer, C., & Irvine, G. (2006). Development
of a DNA-based method for detection and identification of Phytophthora species. Australian Plant Pathology, 35, 147–159.
FAOSTAT. (2019). Crops. Retrieved June 13, 2020, from
http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC
FARC. (2004). Food and Agricultural Biotechnology Research & Development Priorities in
the Non-Sugar Agricultural Sector (1999-2007) Priority areas 2003-2007. Report of working group on solanaceous crops. Food and Agricultural Research Council, Mauritius. Retrieved June 19, 2020, from http://farc.govmu.org/English/Policy/Pages/R-and-D-Policy-and-Planning.aspx
FAREI. (2021). Le Guide Agricole. Retrieved June 25, 2021, from
http://farei.mu/apmis/publications/guide/guide-interactif/main.htm
Gamboa, S., Perez, W., Andrade-Piedra, J.L., & Forbes, G. (2019). Laboratory manual for
Phytophthora infestans work at CIP. International Potato Center.
Gebru, H., Mohammed, A., Dechassa, N. & Belew, D. (2017). Assessment of production
practices of smallholder potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) farmers in Wolaita zone, southern Ethiopia. Agriculture and Food Security, 6 (31).
Harrison, J.G., Barker, H., Lowe, R., & Rees, E.A. (1990). Estimation of amounts of
Phytophthora infestans mycelium in leaf tissue by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Plant Pathology, 39 (2), 274–277.
Haverkort, A.J., Struik, P.C., Visser, R.G.F., & Jacobsen, E. (2009). Applied biotechnology to
combat late blight in potato caused by Phytophthora infestans. Potato Research, 52 (3), 249–264.
Ho, H.H. (2018). The taxonomy and biology of Phytophthora and Pythium. Bacteriology &
Mycology, 6 (1), 40-45.
Hussain, M., & Hussain, T. (2016). Physiological parameters influences mycelium growth and
sporangium production of Phytophthora infestans. Agrica, 5, 42-46.
Hussain, S., Lees, A.K., Duncan, J.M., & Cooke, D.E.L. (2005). Development of a species-
specific and sensitive detection assay for Phytophthora infestans and its application for monitoring of inoculum in tubers and soil. Plant Pathology, 54 (3), 373–382.
Hussain, T., Singh, B.P., & Anwar, F. (2013). A quantitative real time PCR based method for
the detection of Phytophthora infestans causing late blight of potato, in infested soil. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 21, 380–386.
Ibrahim, A., & Taleb-Hossenkhan, N. (2017). Genotypic Characterization of Phytophthora
infestans from Mauritius using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD), Mitochondrial Haplotyping and Mating Type Analysis. Plant Patholology Journal, 16, 121–129.
Judelson, H.S., & Tooley, P.W. (2000). Enhanced polymerase chain reaction methods for
detecting and quantifying Phytophthora infestans in plants. Phytopathology. 90 (10), 1112–1119.
Khan, M., Li, B., Jiang, Y., Weng, Q., & Chen, Q. (2017). Evaluation of different PCR-based
assays and LAMP method for rapid detection of Phytophthora infestans by targeting the Ypt1 gene. Frontiers in Microbiology, 8, 1–11.
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Kirk, W. (2009). Potato Late Blight Alert for the Midwest. Field Crop Advisory Team Alert
Curent News Articles.
Kirk, W., Wharton, P., Hammerschmidt, R., Abu-el Samen, F., & Douches, D. (2013). Late
Blight. Retrieved June 13, 2020, from http://www.potatodiseases.org/lateblight.html
Kumbar, B. (2017). Standardization of Specific Media for Phytophthora infestans. Global
Journal of Bio-Science and Biotechnology, 6, 374–376.
Lees, A.K., Sullivan, L., Lynott, J.S., & Cullen, D.W. (2012). Development of a quantitative
real-time PCR assay for Phytophthora infestans and its applicability to leaf, tuber and soil samples. Plant Pathology, 61 (5), 867–876.
Lees, A.K., Sullivan, L., Lynott, J.S., & Cullen, D.W. (2012). Development of a quantitative
real-time PCR assay for Phytophthora infestans and its applicability to leaf, tuber and soil samples. Plant Pathology, 61 (5), 867–876.
Mauritius Meteorological Services (MMS). 2020. Monthly Climate Bulletin. Retrieved
October 15, 2020, from http://metservice.intnet.mu/publication.php
Mauritius Meteorological Services (MMS). 2021. Climate of Mauritius. Retrieved March 28,
2021, from http://metservice.intnet.mu/climate-services/climate-of-mauritius.php
Ministry of Agro-Industry And Food Security. (2016). Retrieved June 13, 2020, from
http://agriculture.govmu.org/English/Documents/Book%20Final.pdf
Neeliah, H., Rajkomar, B., Dookun-Saumtully, A., & Ramkissoon, J. (2006). National Policy
Regarding Commercial Gm Trade and The Potential Farm-Level Impact of Adopting Gm Crops: Mauritius. Food Agriculture and Natural Resources Policy Analysis Network (FANRPAN). Retrieved June 19, 2020, from www.fanrpan.org
Pettitt, T.R., Keane, G.J., John, S.O.L., Cooke, D.E.L., & Žerjav, M. (2019). Atypical late
blight symptoms following first recorded infections by Phytophthora infestans genotype EU_39_A1 in UK vine tomatoes. New Disease Reports, 39 (16).
Platt, H.W. (2008). Fungal and Fungal- like diseases, Late Blight. In: S.Wale, H.W. Platt & W.
Cattlin W, (Eds.), Diseases, Pests and Disorders of Potatoes. (pp. 49-52). London, UK: Manson Publishing.
Ponnappa-Naiken, M. (2020). “Pomme de terre: combattre le Phytophthora infestans”.
Mauritius Broadcasting Coorperation (MBC). Retrieved June 18, 2020, from https://mbcradio.tv/article/vid%C3%A9o-pomme-de-terre-combattre-le-phytophthora-infestans
Pscheidt, J.W. (1991). Diagnosis and Control of Phytophthora Diseases. Idaho: A Pacific
Northwest Extension Publication. Retrieved December 09, 2020, from, https://pnwhandbooks.org/plantdisease/pathogen-articles/common/oomycetes/diagnosis-control-phytophthora-diseases
Ranghoo, V.M., & Hyde, K.D. (2000). Ascominuta lignicola, a new Ioculoascomycete from
submerged wood in Hong Kong. Mycoscience, 41, 1-5.
Riit, T., Tedersoo, L., Drenkhan, R., Runno-Paurson, E., Kokko, H., & Anslan, S. (2016).
Oomycete-specific ITS primers for identification and metabarcoding. MycoKeys, 14, 17-30.
Ristaino, J.B., Madritch, M., Trout, C.L., & Parra, G. (1998). PCR amplification of ribosomal
DNA for species identification in the plant pathogen genus Phytophthora. Applied And Environmental Microbiology, 64 (3), 948–954.
Sarker, S.R., McComb, J., Burgess, T.I., & Hardy, G.E.S.J. (2020). Antimicrobials in
Phytophthora isolation media and the growth of Phytophthora species. Plant Pathology, 69 (8), 1426-1436.
Sobkowiak, S., & Śliwka, J. (2017). Phytophthora Infestans: Isolation of Pure Cultures,
Storage and Inoculum Preparation. Plant Breeding and Seed Science, 76 (1), 10-15.
Sparks, A.H., Forbes, G.A., Hijmans, R.J., & Garrett, K.A. (2014). Climate change may have
limited effect on global risk of potato late blight. Global Change Biology, 20 (12), 3621-3631.
Stammler, G. (2006). Phytophthora infestans. Fungicide Resistance Action Committee
(FRAC).
Statistics Mauritius. (2018). Digest of Agricultural Statistics 2017. Retrieved June 13, 2020,
from http://statsmauritius.govmu.org/English/StatsbySubj/Documents/Digest/Agriculture/Digest_Agri_Yr17.pdf
Stewart, D., & Mcdougall, G. (2012). Potato; A nutritious, tasty but often maligned staple food.
Food & Health Innovation Service (FHIS). Retrieved March 10, 2021, from https://www.hutton.ac.uk/webfm_send/743
Tamura, K., Stecher, G., Peterson, D., Filipski, A., & Kumar, S. 2013. MEGA6: Molecular
Evolutionary Genetics Analysis Version 6.0. Molecular Biology Evolution, 30, 2725-2729.
Thompson, J. D., Higgins, D. G., & Gibson, T. J. 1994. CLUSTAL W: Improving the
sensitivity of progressive multiple sequence alignment through sequence weighting, position-specific gap penalties and weight matrix choice. Nucleic Acids Research, 22, 4673-4680.
Tumwine, J., Frinking, H.D., & Jeger, M.J. (2000). Isolation techniques and cultural media for
Phytophthora infestans from tomatoes. Mycologist, 14, 137–139.
Vargas, A.M., Ocampo, L.M.Q., Céspedes, M.C., Carreño, N., González, A., Rojas, A.,
Zuluaga, A.P., Myers, K., Fry, W.E., Jiménez, P., Bernal, A.J. & Restrepo, S. (2009). Characterization of Phytophthora infestans Populations in Colombia: First Report of the A2 Mating Type. Phytopathology, 99 (1), 82-88.
Werres, S., Marwitz, R., Man i’t Veld, W.A., de Cock, A.W.A.M., Bonants, P.J.M., De Weerdt,
M., Themann, K., Ilieva, E., & Baayen, R.P. (2001). Phytophthora ramorum sp. nov., a new pathogen on Rhododendron and Viburnum. Mycological Research,105 (10), 1155–1165.
Whisson, S.C., Boevink, P.C., Wang, S., & Birch, P.R.J. (2016). The cell biology of late blight
disease. Current Opinion in Microbiology, 34, 127–135.
Science, Culture, & Politics of Food Spring; 2008. Retrieved March 14, 2020, from https://academics.hamilton.edu/foodforthought/foodforthoughtsylspr08.pdf
Arora, R.K., Sharma, S., & Singh, B.P. (2014). Late Blight Disease of Potato and Its
Management. Potato Journal, 41 (1), 16-40.
Autrey, L.J.C., Ferré, P., & Ricaud, C. (1985). Prospects of Increasing Potato Production In
Mauritius With Clones Introduced Through the International Potato Center. Acta Horticulturae, 153, 295-302.
Campos, H., & Ortiz, O. (2020). The Potato Crop: Its Agricultural, Nutritional and Social
Contribution to Humankind. Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
Drenth, A., & Sendall, B. (2001). Practical guide to detection and identification of
Phytophthora. Australia: CRC for Tropical Plant Protection. Retrieved December 23, 2020, from https://docplayer.net/17681728-Practical-guide-to-detection-and-identification-of-phytophthora.html
Drenth, A., Wagels, G., Smith, B., Sendall, B., O’Dwyer, C., & Irvine, G. (2006). Development
of a DNA-based method for detection and identification of Phytophthora species. Australian Plant Pathology, 35, 147–159.
FAOSTAT. (2019). Crops. Retrieved June 13, 2020, from
http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC
FARC. (2004). Food and Agricultural Biotechnology Research & Development Priorities in
the Non-Sugar Agricultural Sector (1999-2007) Priority areas 2003-2007. Report of working group on solanaceous crops. Food and Agricultural Research Council, Mauritius. Retrieved June 19, 2020, from http://farc.govmu.org/English/Policy/Pages/R-and-D-Policy-and-Planning.aspx
FAREI. (2021). Le Guide Agricole. Retrieved June 25, 2021, from
http://farei.mu/apmis/publications/guide/guide-interactif/main.htm
Gamboa, S., Perez, W., Andrade-Piedra, J.L., & Forbes, G. (2019). Laboratory manual for
Phytophthora infestans work at CIP. International Potato Center.
Gebru, H., Mohammed, A., Dechassa, N. & Belew, D. (2017). Assessment of production
practices of smallholder potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) farmers in Wolaita zone, southern Ethiopia. Agriculture and Food Security, 6 (31).
Harrison, J.G., Barker, H., Lowe, R., & Rees, E.A. (1990). Estimation of amounts of
Phytophthora infestans mycelium in leaf tissue by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Plant Pathology, 39 (2), 274–277.
Haverkort, A.J., Struik, P.C., Visser, R.G.F., & Jacobsen, E. (2009). Applied biotechnology to
combat late blight in potato caused by Phytophthora infestans. Potato Research, 52 (3), 249–264.
Ho, H.H. (2018). The taxonomy and biology of Phytophthora and Pythium. Bacteriology &
Mycology, 6 (1), 40-45.
Hussain, M., & Hussain, T. (2016). Physiological parameters influences mycelium growth and
sporangium production of Phytophthora infestans. Agrica, 5, 42-46.
Hussain, S., Lees, A.K., Duncan, J.M., & Cooke, D.E.L. (2005). Development of a species-
specific and sensitive detection assay for Phytophthora infestans and its application for monitoring of inoculum in tubers and soil. Plant Pathology, 54 (3), 373–382.
Hussain, T., Singh, B.P., & Anwar, F. (2013). A quantitative real time PCR based method for
the detection of Phytophthora infestans causing late blight of potato, in infested soil. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 21, 380–386.
Ibrahim, A., & Taleb-Hossenkhan, N. (2017). Genotypic Characterization of Phytophthora
infestans from Mauritius using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD), Mitochondrial Haplotyping and Mating Type Analysis. Plant Patholology Journal, 16, 121–129.
Judelson, H.S., & Tooley, P.W. (2000). Enhanced polymerase chain reaction methods for
detecting and quantifying Phytophthora infestans in plants. Phytopathology. 90 (10), 1112–1119.
Khan, M., Li, B., Jiang, Y., Weng, Q., & Chen, Q. (2017). Evaluation of different PCR-based
assays and LAMP method for rapid detection of Phytophthora infestans by targeting the Ypt1 gene. Frontiers in Microbiology, 8, 1–11.
Kiraly, Z., Klement, Z., Solymosy, F., & Voros, J. (1970). Methods in Plant Pathology. In: Z.
Kiraly (Eds). Academiai Kiado (pp. 237-477). Budapest.
Kirk, W. (2009). Potato Late Blight Alert for the Midwest. Field Crop Advisory Team Alert
Curent News Articles.
Kirk, W., Wharton, P., Hammerschmidt, R., Abu-el Samen, F., & Douches, D. (2013). Late
Blight. Retrieved June 13, 2020, from http://www.potatodiseases.org/lateblight.html
Kumbar, B. (2017). Standardization of Specific Media for Phytophthora infestans. Global
Journal of Bio-Science and Biotechnology, 6, 374–376.
Lees, A.K., Sullivan, L., Lynott, J.S., & Cullen, D.W. (2012). Development of a quantitative
real-time PCR assay for Phytophthora infestans and its applicability to leaf, tuber and soil samples. Plant Pathology, 61 (5), 867–876.
Lees, A.K., Sullivan, L., Lynott, J.S., & Cullen, D.W. (2012). Development of a quantitative
real-time PCR assay for Phytophthora infestans and its applicability to leaf, tuber and soil samples. Plant Pathology, 61 (5), 867–876.
Mauritius Meteorological Services (MMS). 2020. Monthly Climate Bulletin. Retrieved
October 15, 2020, from http://metservice.intnet.mu/publication.php
Mauritius Meteorological Services (MMS). 2021. Climate of Mauritius. Retrieved March 28,
2021, from http://metservice.intnet.mu/climate-services/climate-of-mauritius.php
Ministry of Agro-Industry And Food Security. (2016). Retrieved June 13, 2020, from
http://agriculture.govmu.org/English/Documents/Book%20Final.pdf
Neeliah, H., Rajkomar, B., Dookun-Saumtully, A., & Ramkissoon, J. (2006). National Policy
Regarding Commercial Gm Trade and The Potential Farm-Level Impact of Adopting Gm Crops: Mauritius. Food Agriculture and Natural Resources Policy Analysis Network (FANRPAN). Retrieved June 19, 2020, from www.fanrpan.org
Pettitt, T.R., Keane, G.J., John, S.O.L., Cooke, D.E.L., & Žerjav, M. (2019). Atypical late
blight symptoms following first recorded infections by Phytophthora infestans genotype EU_39_A1 in UK vine tomatoes. New Disease Reports, 39 (16).
Platt, H.W. (2008). Fungal and Fungal- like diseases, Late Blight. In: S.Wale, H.W. Platt & W.
Cattlin W, (Eds.), Diseases, Pests and Disorders of Potatoes. (pp. 49-52). London, UK: Manson Publishing.
Ponnappa-Naiken, M. (2020). “Pomme de terre: combattre le Phytophthora infestans”.
Mauritius Broadcasting Coorperation (MBC). Retrieved June 18, 2020, from https://mbcradio.tv/article/vid%C3%A9o-pomme-de-terre-combattre-le-phytophthora-infestans
Pscheidt, J.W. (1991). Diagnosis and Control of Phytophthora Diseases. Idaho: A Pacific
Northwest Extension Publication. Retrieved December 09, 2020, from, https://pnwhandbooks.org/plantdisease/pathogen-articles/common/oomycetes/diagnosis-control-phytophthora-diseases
Ranghoo, V.M., & Hyde, K.D. (2000). Ascominuta lignicola, a new Ioculoascomycete from
submerged wood in Hong Kong. Mycoscience, 41, 1-5.
Riit, T., Tedersoo, L., Drenkhan, R., Runno-Paurson, E., Kokko, H., & Anslan, S. (2016).
Oomycete-specific ITS primers for identification and metabarcoding. MycoKeys, 14, 17-30.
Ristaino, J.B., Madritch, M., Trout, C.L., & Parra, G. (1998). PCR amplification of ribosomal
DNA for species identification in the plant pathogen genus Phytophthora. Applied And Environmental Microbiology, 64 (3), 948–954.
Sarker, S.R., McComb, J., Burgess, T.I., & Hardy, G.E.S.J. (2020). Antimicrobials in
Phytophthora isolation media and the growth of Phytophthora species. Plant Pathology, 69 (8), 1426-1436.
Sobkowiak, S., & Śliwka, J. (2017). Phytophthora Infestans: Isolation of Pure Cultures,
Storage and Inoculum Preparation. Plant Breeding and Seed Science, 76 (1), 10-15.
Sparks, A.H., Forbes, G.A., Hijmans, R.J., & Garrett, K.A. (2014). Climate change may have
limited effect on global risk of potato late blight. Global Change Biology, 20 (12), 3621-3631.
Stammler, G. (2006). Phytophthora infestans. Fungicide Resistance Action Committee
(FRAC).
Statistics Mauritius. (2018). Digest of Agricultural Statistics 2017. Retrieved June 13, 2020,
from http://statsmauritius.govmu.org/English/StatsbySubj/Documents/Digest/Agriculture/Digest_Agri_Yr17.pdf
Stewart, D., & Mcdougall, G. (2012). Potato; A nutritious, tasty but often maligned staple food.
Food & Health Innovation Service (FHIS). Retrieved March 10, 2021, from https://www.hutton.ac.uk/webfm_send/743
Tamura, K., Stecher, G., Peterson, D., Filipski, A., & Kumar, S. 2013. MEGA6: Molecular
Evolutionary Genetics Analysis Version 6.0. Molecular Biology Evolution, 30, 2725-2729.
Thompson, J. D., Higgins, D. G., & Gibson, T. J. 1994. CLUSTAL W: Improving the
sensitivity of progressive multiple sequence alignment through sequence weighting, position-specific gap penalties and weight matrix choice. Nucleic Acids Research, 22, 4673-4680.
Tumwine, J., Frinking, H.D., & Jeger, M.J. (2000). Isolation techniques and cultural media for
Phytophthora infestans from tomatoes. Mycologist, 14, 137–139.
Vargas, A.M., Ocampo, L.M.Q., Céspedes, M.C., Carreño, N., González, A., Rojas, A.,
Zuluaga, A.P., Myers, K., Fry, W.E., Jiménez, P., Bernal, A.J. & Restrepo, S. (2009). Characterization of Phytophthora infestans Populations in Colombia: First Report of the A2 Mating Type. Phytopathology, 99 (1), 82-88.
Werres, S., Marwitz, R., Man i’t Veld, W.A., de Cock, A.W.A.M., Bonants, P.J.M., De Weerdt,
M., Themann, K., Ilieva, E., & Baayen, R.P. (2001). Phytophthora ramorum sp. nov., a new pathogen on Rhododendron and Viburnum. Mycological Research,105 (10), 1155–1165.
Whisson, S.C., Boevink, P.C., Wang, S., & Birch, P.R.J. (2016). The cell biology of late blight
disease. Current Opinion in Microbiology, 34, 127–135.
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