UTICAJ TEMPERATURE NA BROJNOST BILJNIH VAŠI (HEMIPTERA: APHIDIDAE) U POLJSKIM USLOVIMA: STUDIJA SLUČAJA ACYRTHOSIPHON PISUM I THERIOAPHIS TRIFOLII NA LUCERKI
Sažetak
Na populacionu dinamiku dve najbrojnije vrste biljnih vaši lucerke, Acyrthosiphon pisum and Therioaphis trifolii, utiču brojni faktori. Istraživanje uticaja dnevnih temperatura vazduha na populacionu dinamiku biljnih vaši lucerke sprovedeno je u poljskim uslovima. Brojnost biljnih vaši je praćena tokom tri godine, na dva lokaliteta, u najznačajnijim proizvodnim regionima lucerke u Srbiji. Na osnovu podataka o brojnosti biljnih vaši na lucerki i vrednosti dnevnih temperatura vazduha tokom istraživanja, utvrđena je korelacija između suma optimalnih dnevnih temperatura za razvoj biljnih vaši, suma maksimalnih dnevnih temperatura vazduha i maksimuma brojnosti dve vrste biljnih vaši. Najviše vrednosti koeficijenta korelacije (Ck) bile su između maksimuma brojnosti A. pisum i sume optimalnih dnevnih temperatura za njen razvoj (Ck=0,569), kao i između maksimuma brojnosti T. trifolii i sume maksimalnih dnevnih temperatura vazduha (Ck=0,595). Za porast brojnosti populacije A. pisum neophodno je da odgovarajući temperaturni uslovi budu ispunjeni u trajanju od 30 dana, dok je za porast brojnosti populacije T trifolii neophodno 5 dana. Nalaženje veze između temperaturnih uslova i brojnosti biljnih vaši lucerke omogućava nam predviđanje njihog ponašanja i brojnosti u izmenjenim klimatskim uslovima koji nas očekuju u budućnosti. Ova istraživanja ukazuju da se u budućnosti, usled globalnog zagrevanja, očekuje porast brojnosti T. trifolii i smanjenje brojnosti A. pisum na lucerki.
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