ODNOS ZAVRŠETKA VEGETACIJE I OSOBINE PLODA U POPULACIJI ORAHA

Svetlana Paunović

Svetlana Paunović Doktor biotehničkih nauka

Ključne reči: Juglans regia L., završetak vegetacije, karakteristike ploda

Sažetak

Osnovni cilj istraživanja bio je proučavnje populacije oraha sa područja istočne Srbije radi utvrđivanja odnosa između završetka vegetacionog perioda i osobine ploda (masa ploda, sadržaj jezgre, sadržaj ulja i sirovih proteina). Stabla oraha su pokazala značajne razlike u ispitivanim parametrima. U populaciji oraha dominirala su stabla srednjeg vremena završetka vegetacije, umerene otpornosti prema niskim zimskim temperaturama (39.5%) i veoma sitnih plodova (23.5%). Plodovi ovih stabala imali su veliki sadržaj jezgre (15.8%), i srednji sadržaj ulja (25.8%) i sirovih proteina (38.3%). Nasuprot tome, najmanja je bila zastupljenost stabala poznog vremena završetka vegetacije sa ekstremno krupnim plodovima (0.1%), izuzetnim sadržajem jezgre (0.2%) i izrazito visokim sadržajem ulja (0.1%) i sirovih proteina (0.5%). Proučavana stabla oraha pokazuju veliku varijabilnost u pogledu vremena završetka vegetacije i osobinama ploda, što ukazuje na visok potencijal populacije u selekciji novih genotipova, kao i na neophodnost njihovog očuvanja u cilju daljeg oplemenjivanja, razmnožavanja i komercijalnog gajenja.

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