UTICAJ PREDSETVENIH TRETMANA VODENIM EKSTRAKTIMA ALELOPATSKIH BILJAKA NA PARAMETRE KLIJANJA STAROG SEMENA SOJE
Sažetak
Cilj rada je bio da se ispita alelopatski uticaj ekstrakta začinskog i lekovitog bilja na kvalitet starog semena soje. Ispitivanje je obavljeno na Institutu za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo u Novom Sadu, na starom semenu dve sorte soje NS Simba i NS Viseris. Seme je bilo staro 20 meseci. Radi utvrdjivanja alelopatskog uticaja seme je potapano u biljne vodene ekstrakte: geraniuma (Geranium sinense), mirodjija (Anethum graveolens), smilje (Helichrysum arenarium), majcina dusica (Thymus serpyllum), celer (Apium graveolens), origano (Origanum vulgare), bosiljak (Ocimum basilicum), maticnjak (Melissa officinalis), ruzmarin (Rosmarinus officinalis), pelin (Artemisia absinthium), nana (Mentha x piperita), zalfija (Salvia officinalis), lavanda (Lavandula angustifolia). Rezultati su pokazali da ne može govoriti o univerzalnoj primeni određenog ekstrakta, jer na efekat alolohemikalija značajan uticaj ima sorta. Kod sorte NS Viseris svi ekstrakti, osim Melise, su značajno smanjili GE, GP i VI. Najnegativniji efekat ostvaren je primenom Apium graveolens, Thymus serpyllum i Ocimum basilicum. Apium graveolens i Thymus serpyllum su najviše uticali na smanjenje kvaliteta i kod sorte NS Simba. Međutim, kod sorte NS Simba, pored smanjenja ostvareno je i značajno povećanje kvaliteta semena. Primenom ekstrakta Salvia officinalis GE i GP su povećani za 13.7%, a VI za je povećana za 13,7%, VI za 10.21%. Dobar efekat je ostvaren i upotrebom Melissa officinalis. Svi ekstrakti, kod obe sorte, imali su znacajan uticaj na brzinu klijanja, čak i ekstrakati koji su negativno delovali na GE i GP.
Ključne reči: alelopatija, vodeni ekstrakti, potapanje, soja
Reference
Abdul-Baki A. A., & Anderson J. D. (1973). Vigor determination in soybean seed by multiple criteria. Crop Science, 13, 630.
Allaby, R. G., Stevens, C. J., Kistler, L., & Fuller, D. Q. (2021). Genetic revelations of a new paradigm of plant domestication as a landscape level process. In I. Goldman (Ed.), Plant breeding revievs, pp. 321-343.
Bajalan, I., Zand, M. & Rezaee, S. (2013). Allelopathic effects of aqueous extract from Salvia officinalis L. on seed germination of barley and purslane. International Journal of Agriculture and Crop Sciences, 5, 802-805.
Baskin, C. C., Baskin, J. M., & Li, X. (2000). Taxonomy, anatomy and evolution of physical dormancy in seeds. Plant Species Biology, 15, 139-152.
Bhowmik, P. C., & Inderjit (2003). Challenges and opportunities in implementing allelopathy for natural weed management. Crop Protection, 22, 661-671.
Cheng, F., & Cheng, Z. (2015). Research progress on the use of plant allelopathy in agriculture and the physiological and ecological mechanisms of allelopathy. Frontiers in Plant Science, 6:1020.
Coolbear P., & McGill C. R. (1990). Effects of a low-temperature pre-sowing treatment on the germination of tomato seed under temperature and osmotic stress. Scientia Horticulture, 44, 43-54.
De Albuquerque, M. B., Santos, R. C., Lima, L. M. , Melo Filho, P. A., Nogueira, R. J. M. C., Da Câmara, C. A. G., & Ramos, A. R. (2011). Allelopathy, an alternative tool to improve cropping systems: a review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 31, 379- 395.
Dozet, G., Đukić, V., Balešević-Tubić, S., Đurić N., Miladinov Z., Vasin J., & Jakšić, S. (2017). Uticaj primene vodenih ekstrakata na prinos u organskoj proizvodnji soje. Zbornik radova 1, XXII savetovanje o biotehnologiji, Čačak, pp. 81-86.
Ebone, L. A., Caverzan, A., Tagliari, A., Chiomento, J. L. T., Silveira, D. C., & Chavarria, G. (2020). Soybean seed vigor: Uniformity and growth as key factors to improve yield. Agronomy, 10(4), 545.
Eichenberg, D., Ristok, C., Kroeber, W., & Bruelheide, H. (2014). Plant polyphenols - implications of different sampling, storage and sample processing in biodiversity- ecosystem functioning experiments. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 30, 676-692.
Ellis, R. A., & Roberts, E. H. (1981). The quantification of ageing and survival in orthodox seeds. Seed Science and Technology, 9, 373-409.
Fernandez-Cornejo, J., & Just, R. E. (2007). Researchability of modern agricultural input markets and growing concentration. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 89(5), 1269-1275.
Han, P., Li, Y., Liu, Z., Zhou, W., Yang, F., Wang, J., Yan, X., & Lin, J. (2022). The physiology of plant seed aging: a review. Chinese Journal of Biotechnology, 38(1), 77-88.
Harper, J. R., & Balke, N. E. (1981). Characterization of the inhibition of k absorption in oat roots by salicylic acid. Plant Physiology, 68(6), 1349-1353.
ISTA (2019). International Seed Testing Association. Seed health testing. International rules for seed testing. ISTA, Bassersdorf, Switzerland.
Islam, A. K. M. M., Yeasmin, S., Qasem, J. R. S., Juraimi, A. S. & Anwar, Md. P. (2018). Allelopathy of medicinal plants: current status and future prospects in weed management. Agricultural Sciences, 9, 1569-1588.
John, J., Sarada, S. (2012). Role of phenolics in allelopathic interactions. Allelopathy Journal, 29, 215-230.
Joosen, R.V.L., Kodde, J., Willems, L.A.J., Ligterink, W., van der Plas, L. H. W., & Hilhorst, H. W. M. (2010). Germinator: A software package for high-throughput scoring and curve fitting of Arabidopsis seed germination. Plant Journal, 62(1), 148-159.
Keating, K. I. (1999). Allelopathy: principles, procedures, processes, and promises for biological control. Advances in Agronomy, 67, 141-231.
Labouriau, L. G. (1983). Uma nova linha de pesquisa na fisiologia da germinatio das sementes. Anais do XXXIV Congresso Nacional de Botanica. SBB, Porto Alegre, 11-50.
Lewandowska, S., Łoziński, M., Marczewski, K., Kozak, M., Schmidtke, K. (2020). Influence of priming on germination, development, and yield of soybean varieties. Open Agriculture, 5(1), 930-935.
Miladinov, Z. J., Balešević Tubić, S. N., Đorđević, V. B., Đukić, V. H., Ilić, A. D., & Čobanović, L. M. (2015). Optimalno vreme potapanja semena soje i njegov efekat na klijanje u uslovima sonog stresa. Journal of Agricultural Sciences (Belgrade), 60(2), 109-117.
Miladinov, Z. (2020). Predsetveni tretmani semena soje (Glycine max L.) u cilju poboljšanja kliavosti i uticaj zemljišne suše na kvalitet formiranog semena. Doktorska disertacija, Poljoprivredni fakultet, Univrezitet u Novom Sadu. pp. 133.
Mohamed, H. M., Zaki, A. M., El-Bagoury, O. H., & Younis, R. A. A. (2018). Biological changes occured in soybean seed during exposing to several types of seed priming. Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 26, 1841-1856.
Murungu, F. S., Zuva, E., Madanzi, T., Matimati, I., & Dube, Z. P. (2005). Seed priming and water potential effects on soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) germination and emergence. Journal of New Seeds, 7(3), 57-73.
Mutlu, S., Atici, Ö., Esim, N., & Mete, E. (2011). Essential oils of catmint (Nepeta meyeri Benth.) induce oxidative stress in early seedlings of various weed species. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 33, 943-951.
Navazio, J. (2021). The Organic Seed Grower. A Farmer’s Guide to Vegetable Seed Production. Chelsea Green Publishing, Vermont, USA pp 408.
Nikolas, M. A., & Heydeker, W. (1968). Two approaches to the study of germination data. Proceedings of the International Seed Testing Association, 33, 531-540.
Qasem, J., & Hill, T. (1989). Possible role of allelopathy in the competition between tomato, Senecio vulgaris L. and Chenopodium album L. Weed Research, 29, 349-356.
Rao, P. J. M., Pallavi, M., Bharathi, Y., Priya, P. B., Sujatha, P., & Prabhavathi, K. (2023). Insights into mechanisms of seed longevity in soybean: a review. Frontiers in Plant Science, 14:1206318.
Rouhi, H. R., Abbasi Surki, A., Sharif-Zadeh, F., Afshari, R. T., Aboutalebian, M. A. & Ahmadvand, G. (2011). Study of different priming treatments on germination traits of soybean seed lots. Notulae Scientia Biologicae, 3(1), 101-108.
Scavo, A., Abbate, C., & Mauromicale, G. (2019). Plant allelochemicals: Agronomic, nutritional and ecological relevance in the soil system. Plant Soil, 442, 23-48.
Shakir, W. M., Ibrahim, N. S., Nasser, N. S., & Ali, A. N. (2021). The allelopathic effect of the Mentha longifolia aqueous extract on the germination and growth of Cicer Arietinum L. Natural Volatiles and Essential Oils, 8(6), 2010-2017.
Siyar, S., Chaudhry, Z., Hussain, F., Hussain, Z., & Majeed, A. (2017). Allelopathic effects of some common weeds prevailing in wheat fields on growth characteristics of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). PSM Biological Research, 2, 124-127.
Weir S., Park W., & Vivanco J. M. (2004). Biochemical and physiological mechanisms mediated by allelochemicals. Plant Bioly, 7, 472-479.
Weston, L. A. (1996). Utilization of allelopathy for weed management in agroecosystems. Agronomy Journal, 88(6), 860-866.
Yaldagard, M., Mortazavi, S. A., & Tabatabaie F. (2008). Application of ultrasonic waves as a priming technique for accelerating and enhancing the germination of barley seed: Optimization of method by the Taguchı approach. Journal of The Instıtute of Brewing, 114(1),14-21.