Pokretači regenerativne poljoprivrede: nova generacija održive proizvodnje hrane
Sažetak
Poljoprivredi je potrebna brza i temeljna transformacija kako bi se poboljšalo njeno efikasno i održivo poslovanje. Poslednjih godina, regenerativna poljoprivreda (RP; engl. regenerative agriculture – RA) pojavljuje se kao sveobuhvatno rešenje za izazove proizvodnje hrane i klimatskih promena. Za razliku od pristupa organske poljoprivrede zasnovane na zabranama, RP funkcioniše kao fleksibilan okvir orijentisan na ishode, usredsređen na aktivnu obnovu ekosistema. Ova studija predstavlja sistematski pregled literature zasnovan na PRISMA smernicama kako bi se identifikovali ključni pokretači usvajanja RP i pružile jasne preporuke za njeno efikasno uvođenje. Analiza ističe četiri kategorije pokretača koji razlikuju RP od drugih održivih praksi: ekonomske (smanjenje troškova inputa), ekološke (obnova zemljišta i klimatska održivost), društvene (vršnjačke mreže i mentorstvo) i intrinzične (ekološki način razmišljanja i autonomija). Važno je napomenuti da nalazi pre svega odražavaju kontekste zapadne poljoprivredne proizvodnje, što razjašnjava generalizaciju rezultata.Kako bi se podržalo uspešno uvođenje RP, kreatori politika i savetodavne službe trebalo bi da daju prioritet mladim, ekološki osvešćenim poljoprivrednicima koji posluju na manjim posedima kao primarnoj ciljnoj grupi, dok bi nevladine organizacije (NVO) trebalo da organizuju posete poljoprivrednim gazdinstvima i obezbede praktično mentorstvo kao neophodne alate za uspešno usvajanje ovih praksi. Za velike poljoprivredne sisteme, primena finansijskih podsticaja povezanih sa tržištima ugljenika i šemama sertifikacije je od suštinskog značaja za podsticanje šireg usvajanja. Rezultati istraživanja ukazuju da, iako su promene prvenstveno uslovljene individualnim stavovima i načinom razmišljanja, planska primena predloženih mera može značajno doprineti njihovoj široj primeni i razvoju otpornijeg poljoprivrednog sektora.
Reference
Abebe, T. G., Tamtam, M. R., Abebe, A. A., Abtemariam, K. A., Shigut, T. G., Dejen, Y. A., & Haile, E. G. (2022). Growing Use and Impacts of Chemical Fertilizers and Assessing Alternative Organic Fertilizer Sources in Ethiopia. Applied and Environmental Soil Science, 2022, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/4738416
Aromataris, E., Lockwood, C., Porritt, K., Pilla, B., & Jordan, Z. (Eds.). (2024). JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis. JBI. https://doi.org/10.46658/JBIMES-24-01
Atapattu, A. J., Nuwarapaksha, T. D., Udumann, S. S., & Dissanayaka, N. S. (2024). Integrated Farming Systems: A Holistic Approach to Sustainable Agriculture. In Agricultural Diversification for Sustainable Food Production (pp. 89-127). Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-7517-0_4
Beacham, J. D., Jackson, P., Jaworski, C. C., Krzywoszynska, A., & Dicks, L. V. (2023). Contextualising farmer perspectives on regenerative agriculture: A post-productivist future? Journal of Rural Studies, 102, 103100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2023.103100
Canwat, V., & Onakuse, S. (2022). Organic agriculture: A fountain of alternative innovations for social, economic, and environmental challenges of conventional agriculture in a developing country context. Cleaner and Circular Bioeconomy, 3, 100025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clcb.2022.100025
Cavallito, A., Bianchi, I., Mancia, T., Catania, D., Rossi, M., & Marchetti, B. (2026). Evaluating the sustainability and productivity of conventional, organic, and regenerative agriculture in maize-soybean rotations: a modelling LCA study. Scientific Reports, 16, 8189. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-38291-3
Daum, T., & Birner, R. (2020). Agricultural mechanization in Africa: Myths, realities and an emerging research agenda. Global Food Security, 26, 100393. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfs.2020.100393
de la Cruz, V. Y. V., Tantriani, Cheng, W., & Tawaraya, K. (2023). Yield gap between organic and conventional farming systems across climate types and sub-types: A meta-analysis. Agricultural Systems, 211, 103732. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2023.103732
de Ponti, T., Rijk, B., & van Ittersum, M. K. (2012). The crop yield gap between organic and conventional agriculture. Agricultural Systems, 108, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2011.12.004
Frankel-Goldwater, L., Wojtynia, N., & Dueñas-Ocampo, S. (2024). Healthy people, soils, and ecosystems: uncovering primary drivers in the adoption of regenerative agriculture by US farmers and ranchers. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2023.1070518
Gordon, E., Davila, F., & Riedy, C. (2023). Regenerative agriculture: a potentially transformative storyline shared by nine discourses. Sustainability Science, 18(4), 1833–1849. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-022-01281-1
Gordon, E., Davila, F., & Riedy, C. (2024). Designing accreditation systems that enhance the transformative potential of regenerative agriculture: an action-oriented case study on discursive institutionalization. Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems, 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1080/21683565.2024.2328117
Gosnell, H. (2022). Regenerating soil, regenerating soul: an integral approach to understanding agricultural transformation. Sustainability Science, 17(2), 603–620. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-021-00993-0
Gosnell, H., Charnley, S., & Stanley, P. (2020). Climate change mitigation as a co-benefit of regenerative ranching: insights from Australia and the United States. Interface Focus, 10(5), 20200027. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2020.0027
Gosnell, H., Gill, N., & Voyer, M. (2019). Transformational adaptation on the farm: Processes of change and persistence in transitions to ‘climate-smart’ regenerative agriculture. Global Environmental Change, 59, 101965. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2019.101965
Gough, D. (2015). Qualitative and mixed methods in systematic reviews. Systematic Reviews, 4(1), 181. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-015-0151-y
Jordon, M. W., Willis, K. J., Bürkner, P.-C., Haddaway, N. R., Smith, P., & Petrokofsky, G. (2022). Temperate Regenerative Agriculture practices increase soil carbon but not crop yield—a meta-analysis. Environmental Research Letters, 17(9), 093001. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac8609
Jordon, M. W., Winter, D. M., & Petrokofsky, G. (2023). Advantages, disadvantages, and reasons for non-adoption of rotational grazing, herbal leys, trees on farms and ley-arable rotations on English livestock farms. Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems, 47(3), 330–354. https://doi.org/10.1080/21683565.2022.2146253
Jurgilevich, A., Birge, T., Kentala-Lehtonen, J., Korhonen-Kurki, K., Pietikäinen, J., Saikku, L., & Schösler, H. (2016). Transition towards Circular Economy in the Food System. Sustainability, 8(1), 69. https://doi.org/10.3390/su8010069
Kenny, D. C., & Castilla-Rho, J. (2022). What Prevents the Adoption of Regenerative Agriculture and What Can We Do about It? Lessons and Narratives from a Participatory Modelling Exercise in Australia. Land, 11(9), 1383. https://doi.org/10.3390/land11091383
Keshavarz, M., & Sharafi, H. (2023). Scaling up climate-smart regenerative agriculture for the restoration of degraded agroecosystems in developing countries. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 38, 159–173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2023.04.003
Khangura, R., Ferris, D., Wagg, C., & Bowyer, J. (2023). Regenerative Agriculture—A Literature Review on the Practices and Mechanisms Used to Improve Soil Health. Sustainability, 15(3), 2338. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15032338
Knapp, S., Gunst, L., Mäder, P., Ghiasi, S., & Mayer, J. (2023). Organic cropping systems maintain yields but have lower yield levels and yield stability than conventional systems – Results from the DOK trial in Switzerland. Field Crops Research, 302, 109072. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2023.109072
Koohafkan, P., Altieri, M. A., & Holt Giménez, E. (2012). Green Agriculture: foundations for biodiverse, resilient and productive agricultural systems. International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, 10(1), 61-75. https://doi.org/10.1080/14735903.2011.610206
Lizarondo, L., Stern, C., Apostolo, J., Carrier, J., de Borges, K., Godfrey, C., Loveday, H. (2022). Five common pitfalls in mixed methods systematic reviews: lessons learned. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 148, 178–183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2022.03.014
Luján Soto, R., Cuéllar Padilla, M., Rivera Méndez, M., Pinto-Correia, T., Boix-Fayos, C., & de Vente, J. (2021). Participatory monitoring and evaluation to enable social learning, adoption, and out-scaling of regenerative agriculture. Ecology and Society, 26(4), art29. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-12796-260429
Miller-Klugesherz, J. A., & Sanderson, M. R. (2023). Good for the soil, but good for the farmer? Addiction and recovery in transitions to regenerative agriculture. Journal of Rural Studies, 103, 103123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2023.103123
Mishra, V., & Mishra, M. P. (2023). PRISMA for Review of Management Literature – Method, Merits, and Limitations – An Academic Review (pp. 125–136). https://doi.org/10.1108/S2754-586520230000002007
Newton, P., Civita, N., Frankel-Goldwater, L., Bartel, K., & Johns, C. (2020). What Is Regenerative Agriculture? A Review of Scholar and Practitioner Definitions Based on Processes and Outcomes. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 4. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2020.577723
Ntawuhiganayo, E. B., Nijman-Ross, E., Geme, T., Negesa, D., & Nahimana, S. (2023). Assessing the adoption of regenerative agricultural practices in Eastern Africa. Frontiers in Sustainability, 4. https://doi.org/10.3389/frsus.2023.1105846
O’Donoghue, T., Minasny, B., & McBratney, A. (2022). Regenerative Agriculture and Its Potential to Improve Farmscape Function. Sustainability, 14(10), 5815. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14105815
Ogunyiola, A., Gardezi, M., & Vij, S. (2022). Smallholder farmers’ engagement with climate smart agriculture in Africa: role of local knowledge and upscaling. Climate Policy, 22(4), 411–426. https://doi.org/10.1080/14693062.2021.2023451
Otara, E. N., Mogaka, H. R., Ndirangu, S. N., & Mugwe, J. N. (2023). Socioeconomic Factors Influencing Uptake of Regenerative Agriculture Technologies in the Dry-lands of Embu County, Kenya. Journal of Agricultural Extension, 27(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.4314/jae.v27i1.1
Page, C., & Witt, B. (2022). A Leap of Faith: Regenerative Agriculture as a Contested Worldview Rather Than as a Practice Change Issue. Sustainability, 14(22), 14803. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142214803
Page, M. J., McKenzie, J. E., Bossuyt, P. M., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, T. C., Mulrow, C. D., Moher, D. (2021). The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ, n71. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n71
Phelan, L., Chapman, P. J., & Ziv, G. (2024). The emerging global agricultural soil carbon market: the case for reconciling farmers’ expectations with the demands of the market. Environmental Development, 49, 100941. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envdev.2023.100941
Quaicoe, O., Asiseh, F., Baffoe‐Bonnie, A., & Ng’ombe, J. N. (2024). Small farms in North Carolina, United States: Analyzing farm and operator characteristics in the pursuit of economic resilience and sustainability. Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, 46(1), 13–31. https://doi.org/10.1002/aepp.13392
Rayyan (2024). AI-Powered Systematic Review Management Platform www.rayyan.ai
Reed, M. S., Curtis, T., Gosal, A., Kendall, H., Andersen, S. P., Ziv, G., Tanneberger, F. (2022). Integrating ecosystem markets to co-ordinate landscape-scale public benefits from nature. PLOS ONE, 17(1), e0258334. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0258334
Rehberger, E., West, P. C., Spillane, C., & McKeown, P. C. (2023). What climate and environmental benefits of regenerative agriculture practices? an evidence review. Environmental Research Communications, 5(5), 052001. https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/acd6dc
Ricciardi, V., Ramankutty, N., Mehrabi, Z., Jarvis, L., & Chookolingo, B. (2018). How much of the world’s food do smallholders produce? Global Food Security, 17, 64–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfs.2018.05.002
Rosenzweig, S. T., Carolan, M. S., & Schipanski, M. E. (2020). A Dryland Cropping Revolution? Linking an Emerging Soil Health Paradigm with Shifting Social Fields among Wheat Growers of the High Plains. Rural Sociology, 85(2), 545–574. https://doi.org/10.1111/ruso.12304
Ruml, A., & Qaim, M. (2020). Effects of marketing contracts and resource-providing contracts in the African small farm sector: Insights from oil palm production in Ghana. World Development, 136, 105110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.105110
Sarkis-Onofre, R., Catalá-López, F., Aromataris, E., & Lockwood, C. (2021). How to properly use the PRISMA Statement. Systematic Reviews, 10(1), 117. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-021-01671-z
Stephens, P. (2021). Social Finance Investing for a Resilient Food Future. Sustainability, 13(12), 6512. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13126512
Stern, C., Lizarondo, L., Carrier, J., Godfrey, C., Rieger, K., Salmond, S., Loveday, H. (2020). Methodological guidance for the conduct of mixed methods systematic reviews. JBI Evidence Synthesis, 18(10), 2108–2118. https://doi.org/10.11124/JBISRIR-D-19-00169
Thakur, N., Kaur, S., Kaur, T., Tomar, P., Devi, R., Thakur, S., Yadav, A. N. (2022). Organic agriculture for agro-environmental sustainability. In Trends of Applied Microbiology for Sustainable Economy (pp. 699–735). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-91595-3.00018-5
Tripathi, S., Srivastava, P., Devi, R. S., & Bhadouria, R. (2020). Influence of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides on soil health and soil microbiology. In Agrochemicals Detection, Treatment and Remediation (pp. 25–54). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-103017-2.00002-7
van den Berg, L., Roep, D., Hebinck, P., & Teixeira, H. M. (2018). Reassembling nature and culture: Resourceful farming in Araponga, Brazil. Journal of Rural Studies, 61, 314–322. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2018.01.008
Villat, J., & Nicholas, K. A. (2024). Quantifying soil carbon sequestration from regenerative agricultural practices in crops and vineyards. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2023.1234108
Wiltshire, S., & Beckage, B. (2022). Soil carbon sequestration through regenerative agriculture in the U.S. state of Vermont. PLOS Climate, 1(4), e0000021. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000021
Wojtynia, N., van Dijk, J., Derks, M., Groot Koerkamp, P. W. G., & Hekkert, M. P. (2023). Spheres of transformation: exploring personal, political and practical drivers of farmer agency and behaviour change in the Netherlands. Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions, 49, 100776. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eist.2023.100776
Xu, Y., Xu, X., Li, J., Guo, X., Gong, H., Ouyang, Z., Mathijs, E. (2023). Excessive synthetic fertilizers elevate greenhouse gas emissions of smallholder-scale staple grain production in China. Journal of Cleaner Production, 430, 139720. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.139720
