KRATKOROČNI ISHOD GUILLAIN-BARRÉ-OVOG SINDROMA – ISKUSTVO IZ TERCIJARNOG CENTRA
Abstract
Uvod: Guillain-Barré-ov sindrom (GBS) je akutno autoimuno oboljenje perifernih nerava i njihovih korijenova. Najčešće varijante oboljenja su: akutna inflamatorna demijelinizaciona polineuropatija (AIDP), akutna motorna aksonalna neuropatija (AMAN), akutna motorna i senzorna aksonalna neuropatija (AMSAN), Miller-Fisher-ov sindrom (MFS) i druge rijeđe forme.
Cilj: Procijena učestalosti različitih varijanti GBS kao i analiza kratkoročnog ishoda bolesti u kohorti bolesnika hospitalizovanih na Klinici za neurologiju Kliničkog Centra Srbije.
Materijal i metode: Istraživanje je obuhvatilo 43 bolesnika sa GBS, koji su hospitalizovani tokom 2015. godine. Podaci o kliničkim karakteristikama bolesti prikupljani su retrospektivnom analizom iz elektronske medicinske dokumentacije. U radu su korišćene metode deskriptivne statistike: srednja vrijednost, standardna devijacija i proporcija.
Rezultati: U našoj grupi je registrovana predominacija muškaraca (odnos muškarci - žene 2,6 : 1). Najučestalija varijanta kod nas je bila AIDP (41,9%), zatim AMSAN (7,0%) i AMAN (4,7%). Slabost i trnjenje u nogama (18,6%) bili su najčešći prvi simptomi bolesti. Većina pacijenata je na prijemu imala blagu funkcionalnu onesposobljenost procijenjenu Hughes-ovom skalom (65,1%), dok je u piku bolesti 62,8% pacijenta bilo nepokretno, a 2,3% bolesnika zahtijevalo je mehaničku ventilaciju. Ishod bolesti je kod 74,4% bio povoljan, dok je kod 11 bolesnika (25,6%) zaostala značajna funkcionalna onesposobljenost na otpustu. Kod 2 (4,7%) pacijenta naše kohorte zabilježen je letalni ishod.
Zaključak: GBS je bolest brzo progresivnog, monofaznog toka koja danas, zahvaljujući savremenoj terapiji, ima generalno dobru prognozu. Dalja naša istraživanja će biti usmjerena na praćenje dugotrajnog ishoda bolesti kod pacijenata sa GBS.
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