Frequency and approaches in treatment of fractured condylar processes
Abstract
Introduction: The condyloid process or condylar process (Lat. processus condylaris)is the second, more posterior process on the mandible, which takes part in the formation of the temporomandibular joint. Fractures of the condyloid process constitute 25% to 35% of all fractures of the mandible. They rarely occur isolated, whereas they are oftener associated with fractures of other localizations on the mandible.
The aim: This paper aims at determining the frequency of the fracture of the condyloid process of the mandible in relation to fractures of other localizations; the mechanisms of injury occurrence; as well as the representation of individual surgical procedures within the treatment.
Material and Methodology: The data obtained from the medical documentation of the Department for Maxillofacial Surgery, the Stomatology Clinic of Niš were analyzed using clinical retrospective study in the period from January 2011 to December 2017.
Results: The analysis of the medical documentation established that 343 patients having mandible fractures, out of which 85 patients (24.78%) had mandible fractures, were treated at the Clinic for Stomatology of Nis, at the Maxillofacial Surgery Department in the aforementioned period.
Conclusion: It was stated that the mandible fracture most frequently lead to the occurrence of fracture of its condyloid process. Most frequently it occurs with men at the age of 21-40 as the consequence of traffic accidents.
Key words: Fractures of the condyloid process, the mechanism of occurrence, therapy
References
(1) Suhas S, Ramdas S, Lingam PP, Naveen Kumar HR, Sasidharan A, Aadithya R. Assessment of temporomandibular joint dysfunction in condylar fracture of the mandible using the Helkimo index. Indian J Plast Surg. 2017 May-Aug;50(2):207-212.
(2) Piščević A, Gavrić M, Sjerobabin I., editors. Prelomi donje vilice. Maksilofacijalna hirurgija, 1995;114-116.
(3) Šurdilović S. Prelomi donje vilice. Praktikum iz traumatologije, 2000;19-22.
(4) Sharif MO, Fedorowicz Z, Drews P, Nasser M, Dorri M, Newton T, et al. Interventions for the treatment of fractures of the mandibular condyle. 2010 Apr.
(5) Colletti G, Battista VM, Allevi F, Giovanditto F, Rabbiosi D, Biglioli F. Extraoral approach to mandibular condylar fractures: our experience with 100 cases. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2014 Jul;42(5):e186-94.
(6) Valiati R, Ibrahim D, Abreu M, Heitz C, Oliviera R, Pagnoncelli R, et al. The treatment of condylar fractures: to open or not to open? A critical review of this controversy. Int J Med Sci. 2008; 5(6): 313–318.
(7) Handschel J, Rüggeberg T, Depprich R, Schwarz F, Meyer U, Kübler NR, et al. Comparison of various approaches for the treatment of fractures of the mandibular condylar process. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2012;292-401.
(8) Kang-Young Choi, Jung-Dug Yang, Ho-Yun Chung, Byung-Chae Cho. Current Concepts in the Mandibular Condyle Fracture Management Part I: Overview of Condylar Fracture. Arch Plast Surg. 2012 Jul; 39(4): 291–300.
(9) Simsek B, Simsek S, Abubaker AO, Laskin DM. A comparative study of mandibular fractures in the United States and Turkey. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2007 May;36(5):395-7.
(10)Fridrich KL, Pena-Velasco G, Olson RA. Changing trends with mandibular fractures: a review of 1,067 cases. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1992 Jun;50(6):586-9.
(11) Bormann KH, Wild S, Gellrich NC, Kokemüller H, Stühmer C, Schmelzeisen R, et al. Five-year retrospective study of mandibular fractures in Freiburg, Germany: incidence, etiology, treatment, and complications. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2009 Jun;67(6):1251-5.
(12) Sakr K, Farag IA, Zeitoun IM. Review of 509 mandibular fractures treated at the University Hospital, Alexandria, Egypt. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2006 Apr;44(2):107-11.
(13) Bouguila J, Zairi I, Khonsari RH, Lankriet, C, Mokhtar, M, Adouani, A. Mandibular fracture: a 10-year review of 685 cases treated in Charles-Nicolle Hospital (Tunis-Tunisia). Revue de stomatologie et de chirurgie maxillo-faciale. 2009 Apr;110(2):81-5.
(14) Shinohara EH, Martini MZ, Takahashi A, de Oliveira Neto HG. Epidemiology of mandibular fractures treated in a Brazilian level I trauma public hospital in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Braz Dent J. 2006;17(3):243-8.
(15) Samman M, Syed Waheed A, Beshir H, Almohammadi T, Santosh R. Incidence and Pattern of Mandible Fractures in the Madinah Region: A Retrospective Study. J Nat Sci Biol Med. 2018 Jan-Jun; 9(1): 59–64.
(16) Sidal T, Curtis DA. Fractures of the mandible in the aging population. Spec Care Dentist. 2006 Jul-Aug;26(4):145-9.
(18) Ellis E 3rd, Simon P, Throckmorton GS. Occlusal results after open or closed treatment of fractures of the mandibular condylar process. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2000 Mar;58(3):260-8.
(19) Rozeboom A, Dubois L, Bos R, Spijker R, de Lange J. Open treatment of unilateral mandibular condyle fractures in adults: a systematic review. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2017;1257-1266.
(20) Santler G, Kärcher H, Ruda C, Köle E. Fractures of the condylar process: surgical versus nonsurgical treatment. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1999 Apr;57(4):392-7; discussion 397-8.