The importance of physical activity for the development of motor skills of younger school age children
Keywords:
physical activity, children, younger school age, motor skills, children’s development.
Abstract
Physical activity has a very important role in the motor and psychological development of in pediatric population. The maturation of human motor abilities takes place gradually. It depends on several factors, including but not limited to: individual differences, health condition, quality of neuromuscular structures and stimulating factors.
This review point to a fact that a child who has developed a high level of motor skills will be physically active and positively accepted by peers, while a clumsy child usually struggle to catch peers in physical activities thus eagerly observes them. This has a negative impact on the motor competencies, as well as on the child's self-confidence, general mood, relationships with family and friends, and success in a school.
In younger school age children, physical exercise has a great influence on the upbringing and complete development of the child's personality, so it is very important to encourage children to be as physically active as possible during this period.
Key words:
References
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35. Cioni G, Sgandurra G. Normal psychomotor development. Handb Clin Neurol. 2013;111:3-15.
36. Healy C, Eaton A, Cotter I, Carter E, Dhondt N, Cannon M. Mediators of the longitudinal relationship between childhood adversity and late adolescent psychopathology. Psychol Med. 2021; 3:1-9.
37. Hallam, S. (2010). The power of music: Its impact on the intellectual, social and personal development of children and young people. International Journal of Music Education. 2010; 28(3): 269-289.
38. Biddle SJ, Asare M. Physical activity and mental health in children and adolescents: A review of reviews. Br J Sports Med. 2011; 45(11): 886- 895.
39. Biddle S, Mutrie N. Psychology of physical activity: Determinants, well-being and interventions. 2nd ed. London: Routledge; 2008.
40. Ahn S, Fedewa AL. A meta-analysis of the relationship between children’s physical activity and mental health. J of Pediatric Psychology. 2011; 36(4): 385- 397.
41. Charvat J. Research on the relationship between mental health and academic achievement. Bethesda, MD: National Association of School Psychologists; 2012.
42. Penedo FJ, Dahn JR. Exercise and well-being: A review of mental and physical health benefits associated with physical activity. Current Opinion in Psychiatry. 2005; 18(2): 189-193.
43. Kolarov N. The impact of sports and physical activity on children's development. Sports medicine. 2007; 5 (1).
44. Ginsburg KR. The Importance of Play in Promoting Healthy Child Development and Maintaining Strong Parent Child Bonds. Paediatrics. 2007; 119 (1): 182 – 191.
45.Nikolić ID. The impact of sports and physical education on the growth, development and health of school-age children. Poslovna ekonomija. 2019;13(1): 47-62.
46. Petty KH, Davis CL, Tkacz J, Young-Hyman D, Waller JL. Exercise effects on depressive symptoms and self-worth in overweight children: A randomized controlled trial. J of Pediatric Psychology. 2009; 34(9): 929-939.
47. Dedaj M. The importance of physical education for the health of children and youth, Pedagogy in Serbian. 2011;66(2): 346-356.
48. Višnjić D, Jovanović A, Miletić K. Pedagogy. Belgrade: University of Belgrade, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education; 2004.
2. Davies D, Troj F. Child development: a practitioner’s Guide. 4th ed. New York: The Guilford Press; 2020.
3. Lisa M., et al. Fundamental movement skills: An important focus. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education. 2016; 35.3: 219-225.
4. Gadžić A, Milojević A, Vučković I. Influence of certain socio-demographic factors on the relationships between motor and cognitive abilities of primary school children. Časopis za Društvene Nauke. 2015:39(1): 143-155.
5. Ewing JC, Foster DD, Whittington MS. Explaining student cognition during class sessions in the context Piaget's theory of cognitive development. NACTA Journal. 2011 Mar 1;55(1):68.
6. Gallahue D.L., Ozmun J.C. Understanding motor development: infants, children, adolescents, adults. 6th edition McGraw-Hill, Dubuque, Iowa. 2005.
7. Marović I. Effectiveness of a specific video-motor Exercise on coordination and dynamic flexibility. International Scientific Conference, Belgrade: FSFV; 2012.
8. Zuvela F, Bozanic A, Miletic D. Polygon- A new fundamental movement skills test for 8 year old children: construction and validation. J Sports Sci Med. 2011; 10 (1): 157-163.
9. Morgan PJ, Barnett LM, Cliff DP, Okely AD, Scott HA, Cohen KE, Lubans DR. Fundamental movement skill interventions in youth: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Pediatrics. 2013; 132(5): 1361-83.
10. Iivonen S, Sääkslahti A. K. Preschool children's fundamental motor skills: a review of significant determinants. Early Child Development and Care. 2014: 184 (7): 1107-1126.
11. Rodríguez-Negro J, Huertas-Delgado F. J, Yanci J. Motor skills differences by gender in early elementary education students. Early Child Development and Care. 2021;191(2): 281-291.
12. Van der Fels IM, Te Wierike SC, Hartman E, Elferink-Gemser MT, Smith J, Visscher C. The relationship between motor skills and cognitive skills in 4-16 year old typically developing children: A systematic review. J Sci Med Sport. 2015;18(6):697-703.
13. Figueroa R, An R. Motor Skill Competence and Physical Activity in Preschoolers: A Review. Matern Child Health J. 2017;21(1):136-146.
14. Ericsson I. Effects of increased physical activity on motor skills and marks in physical education: an intervention study in school years 1 through 9 in Sweden. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy. 2011: 16 (3), 313-329.
15. Biddle SJ, Asare M. Physical activity and mental health in children and adolescents: a review of reviews. Br J Sports Med. 2011;45(11):886-95.
16. Rodriguez-Ayllon M, Cadenas-Sánchez C, Estévez-López F, at al. Role of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in the Mental Health of Preschoolers, Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sports Med. 2019;49(9):1383-1410.
17. Manna I. Growth Development and Maturity in Children and Adolescent: Relation to Sports and Physical Activity. American Journal of Sports Science and Medicine. 2014; 2(5): 48-50.
18. Tsompanaki E. The effect of creative movement-dance on the development of basic motor skills of pre-school children. Rev. Eur. Stud.. 2019;11:29.
19. Altınkök M. The effect of movement education based on cooperative learning method on the development of basic motor skills of primary school 1st grade learners. Journal of Baltic Science Education. 2017;16(2):241.
20. Katić R, Bala G, Barović Z. Gender differentiations of cognitive-motor functioning in prepubertal and pubertal children. Coll Antropol. 2012;36(2):563-72.
21. Maksimović Z, Milovanović V, Janić M, Zorić-Damjanović Z, Radović V, Živojinović S. School children and adolescents as patients in the Emergency Medical Service Belgrade. Naučni časopis urgentne medicine-Halo 94. 2010; 16(3): 119-125.
22. Macura M. Growth, development and physical activity. Belgrade: Faculty of Sports and Physical Education; 2012.
23. Đorđić V, Bala UG. Physical activity of preschool girls and boys Novi Sad: Faculty of Physical Education; 2006: 57-74.
24. Spaić P. Završni rad: Organization of physical exercise for children without parental care through the work of civil society organizations. Belgrade: Faculty of sport and physical education; 2017.
25. Fisher A, Reilly JJ, Kelly LA, Montgomery C, Williamson A, Pato JY, et al. Fundamental movement skills and habitual physical activity in young children. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 2005; 37(4): 684-688.
26. Robinson LE, Wadsworth DD, Peoples CM. Correlates of schoolday physical activity in preschoolers: A preliminary study. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport. 2012; 83(1): 20-26.
27. Williams HG, Pfeiffer KA, O’Neill JR, Dowda M, McIver KL, Brown WH, et al. Motor skill performance and physical activity in preschool children. Obesity. 2008; 16(6):1421-1426.
28. Lubans DR, Morgan PJ, Cliff DP, Barnett LM, Oakley AD. Fundamental movement skills in children and adolescents: Review of associated health benefits. Sports Medicine. 2010; 40(12):1019-1035.
29. Stodden DF, Goodway JD, Langendorfer SJ, Roberton MA, Rudisill ME, Garcia C, et al. A developmental perspective on the role of motorskill competence in physical activity: An emergent relationship. Quest. 2008; 60(2): 290-306.
30. Houwen S, Hartman E, Visscher C. Physical activity and motor skills in children with and without visual impairments. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 2009; 41(1): 103-109.
31. Ziviani J, Poulsen A, Hansen C. Movement skills proficiency and physical activity: A case for Engaging and Coaching for Health (EACH)-child. Australian Occupational Therapy Journal. 2009; 56(4):259-265.
32. Haugen T, Safvenbom R, Ommundsen Y. Physical activity and globalselfworth: The role of physical self-esteem indices and gender. Mental Health and Physical Activity. 2011; 4(2): 49-56.
33. Digelidis N, Papaioannou A, Laparidis K, Christodoulidis T. A one-year intervention in 7th grade physical education classes aiming to change motivational climateand attitudes towards exercise. Psychology of Sport and Exercise. 2003; 4(3): 195- 210.
34. Macdonald-Wallis K., Jago R, Page AS, Brockman R, Thompson JL. School-based friendship networks and children’s physical activity: A spatial analyticalapproach. Social Science and Medicine. 2011; 73(1):6-12.
35. Cioni G, Sgandurra G. Normal psychomotor development. Handb Clin Neurol. 2013;111:3-15.
36. Healy C, Eaton A, Cotter I, Carter E, Dhondt N, Cannon M. Mediators of the longitudinal relationship between childhood adversity and late adolescent psychopathology. Psychol Med. 2021; 3:1-9.
37. Hallam, S. (2010). The power of music: Its impact on the intellectual, social and personal development of children and young people. International Journal of Music Education. 2010; 28(3): 269-289.
38. Biddle SJ, Asare M. Physical activity and mental health in children and adolescents: A review of reviews. Br J Sports Med. 2011; 45(11): 886- 895.
39. Biddle S, Mutrie N. Psychology of physical activity: Determinants, well-being and interventions. 2nd ed. London: Routledge; 2008.
40. Ahn S, Fedewa AL. A meta-analysis of the relationship between children’s physical activity and mental health. J of Pediatric Psychology. 2011; 36(4): 385- 397.
41. Charvat J. Research on the relationship between mental health and academic achievement. Bethesda, MD: National Association of School Psychologists; 2012.
42. Penedo FJ, Dahn JR. Exercise and well-being: A review of mental and physical health benefits associated with physical activity. Current Opinion in Psychiatry. 2005; 18(2): 189-193.
43. Kolarov N. The impact of sports and physical activity on children's development. Sports medicine. 2007; 5 (1).
44. Ginsburg KR. The Importance of Play in Promoting Healthy Child Development and Maintaining Strong Parent Child Bonds. Paediatrics. 2007; 119 (1): 182 – 191.
45.Nikolić ID. The impact of sports and physical education on the growth, development and health of school-age children. Poslovna ekonomija. 2019;13(1): 47-62.
46. Petty KH, Davis CL, Tkacz J, Young-Hyman D, Waller JL. Exercise effects on depressive symptoms and self-worth in overweight children: A randomized controlled trial. J of Pediatric Psychology. 2009; 34(9): 929-939.
47. Dedaj M. The importance of physical education for the health of children and youth, Pedagogy in Serbian. 2011;66(2): 346-356.
48. Višnjić D, Jovanović A, Miletić K. Pedagogy. Belgrade: University of Belgrade, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education; 2004.
Published
2021/07/21
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