MIKRO RNK KOD VISOKOGRADUSNIH GLIOMA: KOJA JE NJIHOVA ULOGA?
Sažetak
Visokogradusni gliomi su maligni tumori centralnog nervnog sistema sa lošim ukupnim preživljavanjem. Među njima, glioblastom ima najagresivnije biološko ponašanje. Tretman za većinu visokogradusnih glioma uključuje hiruršku resekciju, radioterapiju i hemioterapiju. Čak i sa svim primenjenim modalitetima lečenja, u određenom trenutku dolazi do progresije bolesti. Takođe, svaki od navedenih modaliteta lečenja može dovesti do različitih toksičnosti. U poslednjih deset godina, mnoge studije su imale cilj da pronađu pouzdani i jedinstveni biomarker koji može pomoći u preciznijoj, neinvazivnoj dijagnostici tumora mozga, kao i prevazilaženju rezistencije na lečenje tih tumora, a kao potencijalni lek i poboljšati ukupno preživljavanje pacijenata. Mikro RNK su nekodirajući elementi genoma koji su relativno stabilni u serumu i plazmi, a mogu se izolovati i iz različitih tkiva. Promene ekspresije različitih mikro RNK su uočene kod mnogih visokogradusnih glioma. Samim tim, određena mikro RNK može potencijalno imati ulogu u dijagnozi i prognozi visokogradusnih glioma, imati terapijsku ulogu u lečenju glioma ili biti prediktivni biomarker za toksičnost izazvanu lečenjem. Da bi se to postiglo, svaki visokogradusni gliom bi trebalo da ima sopstveni i visoko specifični mikro RNK potpis. Mnogobrojne studije otkrile su veliki potencijal pojedinih mikro RNK. Nedostaci ovih studija su se odnosili na mali broj korišćenih uzoraka. Štaviše, istraživanje mikro RNK kao potencijalnih terapeutskih agenasa prvenstveno se zasnivalo na ćelijskim linijama ili ksenograftovima. S druge strane, mikro RNK koje pokazuju značajne promene ekspresije kod visokogradusnih glioma, pokazuju promenu nivoa ekspresije i kod drugih kancera i nekih nemalignih bolesti. U ovom članku smo napravili kritički, kratak pregled literature o ulozi mikro RNK kod visokogradusnih glioma.
Reference
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