Prehospitalno kašnjenje pacijenata sa znacima akutnog moždanog udara
Sažetak
Uvod. Akutni moždani udar je drugi vodeći uzrok smrti i treći vodeći uzrok invaliditeta u svetu. Osnovni cilj u lečenju je da pacijent u prva 4,5h od pojave simptoma dobije trombolitičku terapiju. Većina pacijenata prve simptome doživi izvan zdravstvenih ustanova, tako da je važno prepoznavanje oboljenja od strane prisutnih osoba. Teži moždani udari, korišćenje vozila Hitne medicinske pomoći i mlađe životno doba udruženi su sa smanjenjem prehospitalnog kašnjenja.
Cilj rada. Prikazati koliko je prehospitalno kašnjenje pacijenata koji imaju tegobe koje ukazuju na moždani udar, i taj uticaj na lečenje.
Metod. Istraživanje je studija preseka rada ambulante Hitne medicinske pomoći Beograd u periodu od 1.1.2015. do 31.12.2018 god. sa pacijentima kojima je postavljena dijagnoza Cerebrovaskularni insult CVI, sumnja na CVI, Tranzitorni ishemični atak. Prehospitalno kašnjenje je vreme od pojave tegoba do trenutka javljanja lekaru. Pacijenti su podeljeni u grupe prema kašnjenju: do 3h, 3-24h i više od 24h. Statistička obrada je izvršena u programu SPSS 11, a statistička značajnost je definisana na nivou p<0,05.
Rezultati. U istraživanju je učestvovalo 119 ispitanika prosečne starosti 65,53±14,24 godina, muškog pola 46,22%, ženskog pola 53,78%. U prva tri sata od početka tegoba u ambulantu je stiglo 44,54%, u vremenu od 3-24h - 31,93%, a preko 24h - 23,53% pacijenata.
Zaključak. Više od polovine pacijenata se javlja u vremenu kada savremena trombolitička terapija nije efikasna.
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