Stavovi prosvetnih radnika prema inkluziji
Sažetak
Uvod: Stav prosvetnih radnika prema inkluziji predstavlja značajan faktor uspešne edukacije učenika sa teškoćama u razvoju. Ciljevi: Ciljevi istraživanja bili su da se procene stavovi prosvetnih radnika prema inkluziji, kao i da se utvrde razlike u stavovima između nastavnika razredne nastave, nastavnika predmetne nastave u osnovnim i nastavnika predmetne nastave u srednjim školama. Posebni ciljevi odnosili su se na utvrđivanje razlika u stavovima nastavnika u odnosu na životno dobа i iskustvo u radu sа učenicima sа teškoćama u razvoju. Metode: Istraživanje je sprovedeno na prigodnom uzorku od 101 nastavnika razredne nastave i nastavnika predmetne nastave osnovnih i srednjih škola, oba pola (67.3% ženskog i 32.7% muškog), starosti od 24 do 53 godine. Nastavnici razredne nastave čine 38.6% uzorka, 33.8% su predmetni nastavnici iz osnovnih škola i 27.6% predmetni nastavnici iz srednjih škola. Manje od polovine ispitanika (43.6%) imalo je iskustva u nastavnom radu sа učenicima sа teškoćama u razvoju. Primenjena je revidirana Skala mišljenja o inkluziji učenika sа teškoćama. Rezultati: Dobijeni rezultati ukazuju da najveći broj nastavnika razredne nastave ima negativan stav, dok se prosečni skorovi nastavnika predmetne nastave u osnovnim i srednjim školama grupišu u zoni neutralnih stavova prema inkluzivnom obrazovanju. Mlađi nastavnici razredne nastave, bez iskustva u inkluzivnoj nastavi, smatraju da je inkluzija značajna za učenike sa teškoćama u razvoju. Stariji nastavnici razredne nastave uviđaju probleme inkluzivnog obrazovanja. Zaključak: Na osnovu dobijenih podataka smatramo da je prosvetnim radnicima neophodno obezbediti kvalitetnu kontinuiranu defektološku podršku, sticanje neformalnog iskustva, značajno smanjiti broj učenika u odeljenju, kao i obezbediti materijalne resurse tokom realizacije inkluzivne nastave.
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