Poređenje indirektnih i deskriptivnih metoda funkcionalne procene ponašanja kod odraslih osoba sa intelektualnom ometenošću
Sažetak
Uvod: Odrasle osobe sa intelektualnom ometenošću demonstriraju problematična ponašanja češće nego populacija tipičnog razvoja. Funkcionalna procena ponašanja jeste efikasan i naučno dokazan način za smanjivanje problematičnog ponašanja. U procesu funkcionalne procene ponašanja koriste se indirektne i deskriptivne metode. Cilj: Cilj istraživanja je da se ispita sklad među rezultatima koje smo dobili korišćenjem obe metode. Metode: Primenjena je metoda višestruke studije slučaja kojom su obuhvaćene tri odrasle osobe muškog pola sa umerenom intelektualnom ometenošću. Dve osobe bile su uzrasta 18 godina i jedna uzrasta 19 godina. Sva tri ispitanika pokazivala su različite oblike problematičnog ponašanja. Podaci su sakupljani korišćenjem indirektnih i deskriptivnih metoda. Poređeni su rezultati o funkciji problematičnog ponašanja dobijeni korišćenjem obe metode. Iako je u istraživanju učestvovalo tri ispitanika, podaci su sakupljani za četiri različita oblika problematičnog ponašanja. Rezultati: Kod prvog ispitanika upotrebom obe metode utvrđena je ista funkcija problematičnog ponašanja „nepoštovanje pravila”, a to je „dobijanje pažnje”. Kod drugog ispitanika je samo kod jednog oblika problematičnog ponašanja „razgovor sa samim sobom” dobijena ista funkcija problematičnog ponašanja, i to „dobijanje pažnje”, dok su kod drugog oblika „ponavljanje istih fraza” dobijene različite funkcije. Kod trećeg ispitanika su za problematično ponašanje „nesaradnja” dobijene različite funkcije. Zaključak: Istraživanje je pokazalo da su podaci koji se odnose na funkciju problematičnog ponašanja usklađeni samo u dva slučaja. S obzirom na dobijene rezultate trebalo bi sa rezervom interpretirati rezultate o funkcijama problematičnog ponašanja dobijene korišćenjem samo jedne metode funkcionalne procene ponašanja.
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