SPORI TURIZAM KAO ALTERNATIVA MASOVNOM TURIZMU: PREGLED LITERATURE I STUDIJE SLUČAJA
Ključne reči:
спори туризам, масовни туризам, туризам, хотелијерство, литература, студије случаја
Sažetak
Све већа забринутост због негативних утицаја масовног туризма на животну средину, културу и локалне заједнице подстакла је интересовање за алтернативне облике туризма. Спори туризам (Slow tourism) представља један од ових облика, фокусиран на успорено, свесно, квалитетно и одрживо путовање које истиче дубљу повезаност са локалном културом, заједницама и природом. Концепт „спорог“ размишљања подстиче туристе да се удаље од својих обавеза. Овај концепт све више привлачи путнике који су ослобођени притиска масовног туризма и који траже аутентична искуства и смисленије интеракције са дестинацијама. Овај рад пружа свеобухватан преглед литературе о спором туризму, истражујући његов концепт, еволуцију и тренутни обим. Поред теоријских увида, рад укључује и одређене студије случаја које илуструју практичне аспекте спорог туризма. Кроз анализу, идентификују се кључне карактеристике и потенцијали спорог туризма као одрживе алтернативе масовном туризму, са циљем да се пружи нови увид у његову примену и утицај. Такође, ова анализа доприноси и продубљивању знања о новим трендовима у туризму и даљем истраживању аутора о развоју овог феномена.
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Losada, N. & Moto, G. (2019) Slow down, your movie is too fast: Slow tourism representations in the promotional videos of the Douro region (Northern Portugal). Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 11, 140–149.
Lee, T. H. & Crompton, J. (1992) Measuring Novelty Seeking in Tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 19, 732–751.
Lin, L. P. (2017) Industrial tourists’ behavioural intention toward slow travel in Taiwan. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 25(3), 379–396.
Markwell, K., Fullagar, S. & Wilson, E. (2012) Reflecting upon slow travel and tourism experiences. In: Fullager, S., Markwell, K. Wilson, E. Slow tourism: Experiences and mobilities. Bristol, UK: Channel View Publications. 99–112.
Manthiou, A., Klaus, P. & Luong, V. A. (2022) Slow tourism: Conceptualization and interpretation – a travel vloggers’ perspective. Tourism Management, 93, Article 104570.
McCabe, S. (2009) Who Needs a Holiday? Evaluating Social Tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 36 (4), 667–688.
Nikjoo, A. H. & Ketabi, M. (2015) The role of push and pull factors in the way tourists choose their destination. Anatolia, 26(4), 588–597.
Oh, H., Assaf, G. & Baloglu, S. (2016) Motivations and goals of slow tourism. Journal of Travel Research, 55(2), 205–219.
Oh, H., Fiore, A. M. & Jeong, M. (2007) Measuring Experience Economy Concepts: Tourism Applications. Journal of Travel Research, 46, 119–132.
Pulido, F. J. I., Cardenas, G. P. J. & Espinosa, P. J. A. (2019) Does environmental sustainability contribute to tourism growth? An analysis at the country level. Journal of Cleaner Production, 213, 309–319.
Pellešová, P. (2020) Globalization and perception of tourism trends by supply and demand. SHS Web of Conferences, Globalization and its Socio-Economic Consequences, 74, 1–8.
Petrini, C., Padovani, G. (2006) Slow Food Revolution – A New Culture for Eating and Living, Journal of Rural Studies, 24(4), 478–479.
Pécsek, B. (2014) Gyorsuló idő, lassuló turizmus: a lassú turizmus modellezése. Turizmus Bulletin, 1, 3–10.
Pécsek, B. (2018) Slow tourism as the sustainable alternative for developing urban tourism destinations.
Pegaz Holiday Resort. Доступно на: https://hotelpegaz.com/, прегледано: 20. мај 2024. године.
Ryan, C. & Glendon, I. (1998) Application of Leisure Motivation Scale to Tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 25 (1), 169–184.
Rand, G. E. & Heath, E. (2009) Local food as a key element of sustainable tourism competitiveness. In: Saarinen, J., Beckher, F., Manwa, H. & Wilson, D. Sustainable Tourism in Southern Africa: Local Communities and Natural Resources in Transition. Channel View Publications, Bristol, UK: 253-268.
Scott, D., Hall, C. M. & Gossling, S. (2019) Global tourism vulnerability to climate change. Annals of Tourism Research, 77, 49–61.
Serdane, Z., Maccarrone, E. A. & Sharifi, S. (2020) Conceptualising slow tourism: a perspective from Latvia. Tourism Recreation Research, 45(3), 337–350.
Snepenger, D., King, J., Marshall, E. & Uysal, M. (2006) Modeling Iso-Ahola’s Motivation Theory in the Tourism Context. Journal of Travel Research, 45 (3), 140–149.
Timms, B. F. & Conway, D. (2012) Slow tourism at the Caribbean’s geographical margins. Tourism Geographies, 14(3), 396–418.
Wen, J., Kozak, M., Yang, S. & Liu, F. (2020) Covid-19:Potential effects on Chinese citizens’ lifestyle and travel. Tourism Review, 76(1), 74–87.
Walker, T. B., Lee, T. J. & Li, X. (2021) Sustainable development for small island tourism: Developing slow tourism in the Caribbean. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 38(1), 1–15.
Waller, J. & Lea, S. E. G. (1998) Seeking the Real Spain? Authenticity in Motivation. Annals of Tourism Research, 25 (4), 110–129.
What is the St James way? Доступно на: https://caminoways.com/the-way-of-st-james, прегледано: 20. мај 2024. године.
Yoon, Y. & Uysal, M. (2005) An Examination of the Effects of Motivation and Satisfaction on Destination Loyalty: A Structural Model. Tourism Management, 26 (1), 45–56.
Yurtseven, H. R. & Kaya, O. (2011) Slow Tourists: A Comparative Research Based on Cittaslow Principles. American International Journal of Contemporary Research, 1 (2), 91–98.
Zielińska-Szczepkowska, J. (2019) Cittaslow Movement as a Concept for Promoting Small Cities. Przedsiębiorczość i Zarządzanie, 20 (2), 301–316.
An authentic experience of place. Доступно на: https://meravigliaslowliving.com/about/, прегледано: 20. мај 2024. године.
Beh, A. W. & Bruyere, B. L. (2007) Segmentation by Visitor Motivation in Three Kenyan National Reserves. Tourism Management, 28 (6), 1464–1471.
Caffyn, A. (2012) Advocating and implementing slow tourism. Tourism Recreation Research, 37(1), 77–80.
Chi, X. & Han, H. (2020b) Performance of tourism products in a slow city and formation of affection and loyalty: Yaxi Cittaslow visitors perceptions. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 29(10), 1586–1612.
Cohen, E. (1979) A Phenomenology of Tourist Experiences. Sociology, 13, 179–201.
Crompton, J. (1979) Motivations of Pleasure Vacations. Annals of Tourism Research, 6 (4), 408–824.
Cittaslow - inna strona nowoczesności. Доступно на: https://cittaslowpolska.pl/, прегледано: 20. мај 2024 године.
Fodness, D. (1994) Measuring Tourist Motivation. Annals of Tourism Research, 21 (3), 555–581.
Five reasons to do the Way of St. James and repeat. Доступно на: https://viandotreks.com/en/5-reasons-to-do-the-camino-de-santiago-and-repeat-the-journey/, прегледано: 20. мај 2024. године.
Gardner, N. (2009) A manifesto for slow travel, Hidden Europe no. 25, доступно на: https://www.hiddeneurope.co.uk/the-magazine/issues/hidden-europe-25/a-manifesto-for-slow-travel/, преузето: 15. мај 2024. године
Georgica, G. (2015) The Tourist’s Perception about Slow Travel – A Romanian Perspective. Procedia Economics and Finance, 23, 1596–1601.
Howard, C. (2012) Speeding Up and Slowing Down: Pilgrimage and Slow Travel through Time. In: Fullagar, S., Markwell, K., Wilson, E. Slow Tourism: Experiences and Mobilities. Bristol, UK: Channel View, 11–24.
Hall, C. M. (2009) Degrowing tourism: Décroissance, sustainable consumption and steady-state tourism. Anatolia: An International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Research, 20 (1), 46–61.
Hassan, V., Zrnić, M. (2021) Slow tourism: A niche market towards sustainability of Moonlight Farm House „Barouk area“. Turističko poslovanje, 28, 57–63.
International Network of Cities where living is Good – Orvieto. https://www.cittaslow.org/network/orvieto, прегледано: 20. мај 2024. године.
Iso-Ahola, S. E. (1982) Toward a Social Psychological Theory of Tourism Motivation: A Rejoinder. Annals of Tourism Research, 9, 256–262.
Juvan, E. & Dolnicar, S. (2014) The attitude–behaviour gap in sustainable tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 48, 76–95.
Jung, T. H., Ineson, E. M. & Miller, A. (2014) The slow food movement and sustainable tourism development: A case study of Mold, Wales. International Journal of Culture Tourism and Hospitality Research, 8(4), 432–445.
Jitendra, S., Siddharth, K. & Vishvanath, S. (2023) Exploring the dimensions of slow tourism. Academy of Entrepreneurship Journal, 29(2), 1-8.
Krippendorf, J. (1987) The Holiday Makers: Understanding the Impact of Leisure and Travel. Oxford: Heinemann Professional.
Khan, S. (2015) How Slow is ‘Slow’? Dilemmas of Slow Tourism. TEAM Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 12 (1), 39–49.
Kim, J. H., Ritchie, J. R. & McCormick, B. (2010) Development of a Scale to Measure Memorable Tourism Experiences. Journal of Travel Research, 51 (1), 12–25.
Kassean, H. & Gassita, R. (2013) Exploring tourists push and pull motivations to visit Mauritius as a tourist destination. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 2(3), 1–13.
Lumsdon, L. M. & McGrath, P. (2011) Developing a conceptual framework for slow travel: A grounded theory approach. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 19(3), 265–279.
Lin, L. P., Huang, S. C. & Ho, Y. C. (2020) Could virtual reality effectively market slow travel in a heritage destination?. Tourism Management, 78(4), Article. 104027.
Losada, N. & Moto, G. (2019) Slow down, your movie is too fast: Slow tourism representations in the promotional videos of the Douro region (Northern Portugal). Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 11, 140–149.
Lee, T. H. & Crompton, J. (1992) Measuring Novelty Seeking in Tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 19, 732–751.
Lin, L. P. (2017) Industrial tourists’ behavioural intention toward slow travel in Taiwan. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 25(3), 379–396.
Markwell, K., Fullagar, S. & Wilson, E. (2012) Reflecting upon slow travel and tourism experiences. In: Fullager, S., Markwell, K. Wilson, E. Slow tourism: Experiences and mobilities. Bristol, UK: Channel View Publications. 99–112.
Manthiou, A., Klaus, P. & Luong, V. A. (2022) Slow tourism: Conceptualization and interpretation – a travel vloggers’ perspective. Tourism Management, 93, Article 104570.
McCabe, S. (2009) Who Needs a Holiday? Evaluating Social Tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 36 (4), 667–688.
Nikjoo, A. H. & Ketabi, M. (2015) The role of push and pull factors in the way tourists choose their destination. Anatolia, 26(4), 588–597.
Oh, H., Assaf, G. & Baloglu, S. (2016) Motivations and goals of slow tourism. Journal of Travel Research, 55(2), 205–219.
Oh, H., Fiore, A. M. & Jeong, M. (2007) Measuring Experience Economy Concepts: Tourism Applications. Journal of Travel Research, 46, 119–132.
Pulido, F. J. I., Cardenas, G. P. J. & Espinosa, P. J. A. (2019) Does environmental sustainability contribute to tourism growth? An analysis at the country level. Journal of Cleaner Production, 213, 309–319.
Pellešová, P. (2020) Globalization and perception of tourism trends by supply and demand. SHS Web of Conferences, Globalization and its Socio-Economic Consequences, 74, 1–8.
Petrini, C., Padovani, G. (2006) Slow Food Revolution – A New Culture for Eating and Living, Journal of Rural Studies, 24(4), 478–479.
Pécsek, B. (2014) Gyorsuló idő, lassuló turizmus: a lassú turizmus modellezése. Turizmus Bulletin, 1, 3–10.
Pécsek, B. (2018) Slow tourism as the sustainable alternative for developing urban tourism destinations.
Pegaz Holiday Resort. Доступно на: https://hotelpegaz.com/, прегледано: 20. мај 2024. године.
Ryan, C. & Glendon, I. (1998) Application of Leisure Motivation Scale to Tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 25 (1), 169–184.
Rand, G. E. & Heath, E. (2009) Local food as a key element of sustainable tourism competitiveness. In: Saarinen, J., Beckher, F., Manwa, H. & Wilson, D. Sustainable Tourism in Southern Africa: Local Communities and Natural Resources in Transition. Channel View Publications, Bristol, UK: 253-268.
Scott, D., Hall, C. M. & Gossling, S. (2019) Global tourism vulnerability to climate change. Annals of Tourism Research, 77, 49–61.
Serdane, Z., Maccarrone, E. A. & Sharifi, S. (2020) Conceptualising slow tourism: a perspective from Latvia. Tourism Recreation Research, 45(3), 337–350.
Snepenger, D., King, J., Marshall, E. & Uysal, M. (2006) Modeling Iso-Ahola’s Motivation Theory in the Tourism Context. Journal of Travel Research, 45 (3), 140–149.
Timms, B. F. & Conway, D. (2012) Slow tourism at the Caribbean’s geographical margins. Tourism Geographies, 14(3), 396–418.
Wen, J., Kozak, M., Yang, S. & Liu, F. (2020) Covid-19:Potential effects on Chinese citizens’ lifestyle and travel. Tourism Review, 76(1), 74–87.
Walker, T. B., Lee, T. J. & Li, X. (2021) Sustainable development for small island tourism: Developing slow tourism in the Caribbean. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 38(1), 1–15.
Waller, J. & Lea, S. E. G. (1998) Seeking the Real Spain? Authenticity in Motivation. Annals of Tourism Research, 25 (4), 110–129.
What is the St James way? Доступно на: https://caminoways.com/the-way-of-st-james, прегледано: 20. мај 2024. године.
Yoon, Y. & Uysal, M. (2005) An Examination of the Effects of Motivation and Satisfaction on Destination Loyalty: A Structural Model. Tourism Management, 26 (1), 45–56.
Yurtseven, H. R. & Kaya, O. (2011) Slow Tourists: A Comparative Research Based on Cittaslow Principles. American International Journal of Contemporary Research, 1 (2), 91–98.
Zielińska-Szczepkowska, J. (2019) Cittaslow Movement as a Concept for Promoting Small Cities. Przedsiębiorczość i Zarządzanie, 20 (2), 301–316.