Razvoj novih pametnih metalnih nanomaterijala na bazi titanijum-dioksida za fotokatalitičku i antimikrobnu aktivnost
Sažetak
Predmet ove studije bila je sinteza, karakterizacija i testiranje nanočestica titanijum (IV) oksida (TiO2-NČ-a) i njihovih dopanata lantana (La3+), gvožđa (Fe3+) i vanadijuma (V3+) za fotokatalitičku i mikrobiološku aktivnost, kao i njihovo poređenje sa katalitičkim aktivnostima testiranih komercijalnih TiO2 (Degusa P-25® i nanočestica anatasa, čistoće 99,9%, Alfa Aesar iz Lankestera). Titanijum-dioksid nanočestice su sintetizovane i dopirane različitim koncentracijama metalnih dopanata, tokom različitog trajanja kalcinacije, kao što su: TiO2-NPs (anatas-NPs, vreme trajanja kalcinacije od 5 i 7 h), La3+ (0.65, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 i 6 težinskih %, sa trajanjem kalcinacije od 7 h), Fe3+ (1, 2,5, 3,0 i 5 težinskih %, sa trajanjem kalcinacije od 7 i 24 h) i V3+ (10 težinskih %, sa trajanjem kalcinacije od 7 i 24 h). Sojevi „Pseudomonas aeruginosa DV 2739 i ATCC 9023” korišćeni su kao model mikroorganizama u mikrobiološkom delu eksperimenata koji su izvedeni u mikrobiološkom kabinetu. Zajednički fotokatalitički i mikrobiološki procesi izvedeni su u cirkularnom fotoreaktoru sa emulgovanim katalizatorom u prisustvu direktnog UV zračenja simuliranog natrijumovom lampom „SONT UV400”. Studija je pokazala da uzorak katalizatora S28, La-dopanta sa koncentracijom od jednog težinskog %, pokazuje najbolje fotokatalitičke osobine od svih La-dopanata, ali najbolju fotokatalitičku aktivnost od svih katalizatora postignut je kod S111 uzorka, Fe-dopanta (5 težinskih %, trajanje kalcinacije od 7 h). Naši rezultati takođe pokazuju različiti stepen degradacije kada je korišćen V-dopant TiO2, u koncentraciji od 10 težinskih %, uzorci S93 i S96, sintetisani sa različitim trajanjem kalcinacije (7 i 24 h) i brzinom zagrevanja tokom kalcinacije (67,5 i 135 ᵒC/h, redom), što se može objasniti anomalijom u njihovom ponašanju. Konačno, najbolja antimikrobna aktivnost dobijena je korišćenjem uzorka S24, Fe-dopanta, koji je pokazao da koncentracija od 0,25 mg/L može biti toksična za mikroorganizme. U skladu sa našim rezultatima superiornih karakteristika Fe-dopanta i teorijskih znanja za nanočestice TiO2 dopiranih Ag, Au i Fe, došlo se do smernica za dalja istraživanja njihove fotokatalitičke i antimikrobne aktivnosti, kao i za razvoj titanijum-dioksid nanočestica i nanotuba za unapređenje antibiotika i njihovu upotrebu u lečenju raka.
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