Protokoli za ustanovljavanje tajnih simetričnih ključeva - savremen pristup
Sažetak
Uvod/cilj: Problem efikasne distribucije kriptografskih ključeva u komunikacionim sistemima postoji odavno, a sa pojavom masovnih komunikacionih sistema postao je izražen. Definisanje i implementacija efikasnih protokola za ustanovljavanje simetričnih kriptografskih ključeva u takvim okolnostima ima veliki značaj u podizanju informacione bezbednosti u sajber prostoru.
Metode: Primenom metoda teorije informacija i bezbednog kooperativnog računanja definisani su protokoli za direktno ustanovljavanje kriptografskih ključeva između komunikacionih strana.
Rezultati: U radu su definisana dva nova pristupa problemu ustanovljavanja kriptografskih ključeva. Novina u protokolu definisanom u bezbednosnom modelu zasnovanom na teoriji informacija zasniva se na izvoru zajedničke slučajnosti koji je u ovom slučaju EEG signal svakog subjekta učesnika u komunikacionom sistemu. Eksperimentalni rezultati pokazuju da je količina informacija koja otiče ka protivniku bliska nuli. Novina u drugom slučaju koji ključevima obezbeđuje sigurnost na nivou računarske sigurnosti primenom bezbednog kooperativnog računanja u prisustvu više zlonamernih učesnika sadržana je u novoj primeni jednog računarskog modela. Za oba pristupa je karakteristično da je u okviru formalnih teorija moguće na formalan način izvoditi zaključke o njihovim bezbednosnim svojstvima.
Zaključak: Predstavljena su dva nova pristupa za ustanovljavanje kriptografskih ključeva u simetričnim kriptografskim sistemima sa eksperimentalnim rezultatima. Značaj predloženih rešenja leži u činjenici da omogućavaju ustanovljavanje pouzdane komunikacije između zainteresovanih strana sa kraja na kraj, izbegavajući uticaj treće strane od poverenja. Na taj način se značajno povećava postignuti nivo sigurnosti njihove komunikacije u odnosu na klasične kriptografske sisteme.
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