Železničke stanice u Republici Srbiji u funkciji prevoza robe: efikasnost po sistemu DEA
Sažetak
Uvod/cilj: Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) uobičajeno se koristi za izračunavanje efikasnosti istovrsnih jedinica odlučivanja (DMU), koje su elementi jednog skupa. U radu se smatra da je svaki takav skup (istovrsnih elemenata) ujedno i element sistema (raznovrsnih elemenata). Primer DMU predstavlja 27 železničkih stanica u Republici Srbiji (RS), kao element skupa železničkih stanica i kao element sistema železničkog transporta, u funkciji prevoza robe posle podele preduzeća Železnice Srbije (odvojeno „putnici” i „roba”). Radi kvalitetnijeg opsluživanja, privlačenja i zadržavanja komitenata na novootvorenom, slobodnom i transportnom tržištu, cilj ovog rada bio je nalaženje efikasnosti stanica RS, u periodu 2018–2022. godina.
Metode: U radu je primenjena skupovno-sistemska modelna komparativna DEA analiza železničkih stanica kao DMU. Jedinica je element skupa, element sistema i predmet matematičkog DEA-CCR/BCC/SE modela.
Rezultati: Konačna efikasnost, prosek svih proseka, iznosi 0,7666, kao rezultat trojne komparativne DEA analize: 27 železničkih stanica, tri DEA modela i pet godina poslovanja.
Zaključak: Stanice su različito funkcionalne po pitanju efikasnosti; jedna ista stanica je različito funkcionalna po godinama i po modelu. Krajnji cilj je balans ulaz-izlaz i opcija 27/27 koja se postiže uz korektivne akcije – smanjenje/povećanje ulaza, odnosno izlaza.
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