Planiranje ruta vozila radi optimizacije potrošnje goriva
Sažetak
Uvod/cilj: Modeli razvijeni za rutiranje transportnih vozila, sa fokusom na životnu sredinu, pretežno su posvećeni povratnoj logistici ili transportu tereta opasnog po životnu sredinu. U relevantnoj literaturi nekoliko modela razmatra ekološke faktore za usmeravanje vozila uključenih u distribuciju robe široke potrošnje.
Metode: U radu je predstavljen model za planiranje ruta vozila radi optimizacije potrošnje goriva, vodeći računa o vremenskim okvirima u kojima se opsluga može izvršiti i nosivosti vozila. Razvijen je heuristički algoritam čiji je cilj smanjenje potrošnje goriva. Takođe, metaheuristika simulirano kaljenje primenjena je da bi se poboljšala rešenja dobijena predloženom heuristikom.
Rezultati: Prikazani su rezultati heurističkog algoritma za minimizaciju potrošnje goriva i poboljšani rezultati primenom metaheuristike simulirano kaljenje. Svi testovi su sprovedeni na Solomonovim instancama.
Zaključak: Razvijeni pristup za rutiranje vozila obezbeđuje kompromis između transportnih kompanija i ekologije. Rezultati pokazuju da se primenom ovog pristupa mogu istovremeno minimizirati troškovi transportne kompanije i emisija CO2.
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