Prilog analizi oštećenja cevovoda usled pucanja pod visokim pritiskom

  • Fezazi Amina Ismahene LMPM, Mechanical Engineering Department, Sidi Bel Abbes University, Algeria
  • Mechab Belaïd Djilali Liabes University
  • Salem Mokadem Djilali Liabes University
  • Serier Boualem Djilali Liabes University
Ključne reči: cevovod, pritisak, spoljašnje sile, metoda konačnih elemenata (FEM), pukotina, faktor intenziteta napona

Sažetak


Uvod/Cilj: Ovaj rad ima za cilj da doprinese predviđanju oštećenja usled pucanja u cevovodima za transport ugljovodonika koji su izloženi visokim unutrašnjim pritiscima, a kao odgovor na rastuću potražnju u industrijalizovanim zemljama.

Metode: Da bi se postigao ovaj cilj i analiziralo širenje pukotina u smislu određivanja faktora intenziteta napona (eng. SIF), primenjena je metoda konačnih elemenata (eng. FEM). Studija razmatra uticaj unutrašnjeg pritiska transportovanog fluida, kao i spoljašnjih naprezanja izazvanih prirodnim pojavama kao što su zemljotresi, klizišta i druge pojave. Ova spoljašnja naprezanja predstavljena su zateznim i pritisnim silama. Posebna pažnja posvećena je širenju tri tipa pukotina: obodne, uzdužne i pukotine u mešovitom režimu.

Rezultati: Zahvaćena zona cevaste strukture veoma je podložna pucanju u režimu I. Za razliku od dva početna tipa defekta pucanja, orijentisana pukotina pod uglom π/4 u odnosu na uzdužnu osu cevovoda razvija se gotovo podjednako u režimima I i II. Kinetika njenog rasta usko je povezana sa njenom veličinom, unutrašnjim pritiskom i intenzitetom spoljašnjih sila. Zatezne sile podstiču otvaranje obodnih pukotina, zatvaranje uzdužnih pukotina i širenje orijentisanih pukotina u mešovitom režimu (I i II). Nasuprot tome, pritisne sile pogoduju zatvaranju obodnih i orijentisanih pukotina, dok istovremeno podstiču otvaranje uzdužnih pukotina.

Zaključak: Studija pokazuje da, pod identičnim uslovima opterećenja, uzdužno inicirane pukotine predstavljaju najveću opasnost u pogledu rasta pukotine u režimu I. Rizik od pucanja cevovoda naročito je izražen duž cevovoda i značajno se povećava sa porastom unutrašnjeg pritiska.

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Objavljeno
2026/01/20
Rubrika
Originalni naučni radovi