EPIDEMIOLOŠKE KARAKTERIKE SALMONELOZA U POPULACIJI BEOGRADA ZA PERIOD 1994-2013. GODINE
Sažetak
Uvod/Cilj: Procenjuje se da prijavljeni slučajevi salmoneloze širom sveta predstavljaju samo 1-10% realne
učestalosti ove bolesti. Cilj istraživanja je bio da se analiziraju epidemiološke karakteristike salmoneloza u
populaciji Beograda za period od 1994. do 2013. godine.
Metode: Podaci o broju obolelih od salmoneloza po polu, uzrastu i opštinama, za navedeni period
su preuzeti iz Gradskog zavoda za javno zdravlje Beograd i računate su opšte, uzrasno-specifične i
standardizovane stope incidencije. Za procenu trenda incidencije korišćena je joinpoint regresiona
analiza.
Rezultati: U posmatranom dvadesetogodišnjem periodu registrovana su 12.452 obolela od salmoneloza,
a ženski pol je bio više zastupljen (53,5%) u odnosu na muški (46,5%). Kod oba pola najviše prosečne
uzrasno-specifične stope incidencije za posmatrani period su bile u uzrasnoj grupi 0-4 godine, a najniže
kod osoba starih 70 i više godina. Prema rezultatima joinpoint regresione analize kod muškaraca postoji
značajan pad incidencije od uzrasne grupe 15-19 godina pa na dalje, a kod žena od uzrasne grupe 10-14
godina. U periodu od 1994. do 2013. godine, prosečna standardizovana stopa incidencije za salmoneloze
(na 100.000) u populaciji Beograda bila je 61,6 (61,7 za muškarce i 61,4 za žene). Najčešći serotipovi
salmonela izolovanih iz humanog materijala bili su S. enteritidis (81,6%), S. typhimurium (7,7%) i S.
infantis (2,6%).
Zaključak: Trend opadanja salmoneloza, zapažen u našoj studiji, govori o boljoj kontroli uzgoja na
farmama, proizvodnje i prometa mesa i primeni higijensko-sanitarnih mera u ovim procesima i sve
zastupljenijoj primeni HACCP standarda za zdravstvenu bezbednost hrane u Beogradu.
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