DASH DIET IN THE PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION
Abstract
It is estimated that almost half of the adult population suffers from arterial hypertension in the Republic of Serbia. The development of arterial hypertension and its complications can be successfully controlled and prevented. The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension, that is, the DASH diet is one of the most efficient dietary eating patterns in the control of hypertension. It leads to an average reduction in blood pressure by 4 to 15 mmHg, supports the optimization of body mass and lipids in the blood serum. The DASH diet promotes rational and balanced diet. In order to bring principles of the DASH diet closer to patients, it is necessary to adequately engage a nutritionist - dietician in working with high-risk patients. The paper presents practical recommendations for the implementation of the DASH diet and includes illustrations that serve to improve counseling work with patients in primary health care.
References
1. Registar za akutni koronarni sindrom. Izveštaj br.15. Beograd: Institut za javno zdravlje Srbije „Dr Milan Jovanović Batut“; 2021. Dostupno na: https://www.batut.org.rs/download/publikacije/AKS2020.pdf.
2. Zdravstveno-statistički godišnjak Rrepublike Srbije, 2020. Beograd: Institut za javno zdravlje Srbije „Dr Milan Jovanović Batut“; 2021. Dostupno na: https://www.batut.org.rs/download/publikacije/pub2020.pdf.
3. Republička stručna komisija za izradu i implementaciju vodiča dobre kliničke prakse. Nacionalni vodič dobre kliničke prakse za dijagnostikovanje i lečenje arterijske hipertenzije. Beograd; 2012.
4. Istraživanje zdravlja stanovništva Srbije 2019. godine. Beograd: Institut za javno zdravlje Srbije „Dr milan Jovanović Batut“; 2021. Dostupno na: https://www.batut.org.rs/download/publikacije/ZdravljeStanovnistva2019.pdf.
5. Webb JG, Kiess MC, Chan-Yan CC. Malnutrition and the heart. CMAJ 1986; 135(7):753-8.
6. Mandić M. Dijetoterapija. Osijek: Sveučilište u Osijeku, Prehrambeno-tehnološki fakultet; 2014.
7. Gabrić ID. Prehrana i kardiovaskularno zdravlje. Medicus [Kardiologija danas] 2016;25(2): 227-34.
8. 2018 ESC/ESH preporuke za lečenje arterijske hipertenzije. Radna grupa za lečenje arterijskehipertenzije Evropskog udruženja kardiologa (ESC) i Evropskog udruženja za hipertenziju (ESH); 2018. Dostupno na: http://uksrb.rs/uploads/1542909443-2018%20ESC%20ESH%20preporuke%20za%20le%C4%8Denje%20arterijske%20hipertenzije.pdf.
9. Nikolić M. Dijetetikа. WUS Austria: Medicinski fakultet, Niš; 2008.
10. Vasiljević N, Dragović R, Stojanović S. Značaj ishrane u prevenciji i terapiji hipertenzije. Opšta medicina 2004; 10(3-4):148-52.
11. Mayo Clinic staff [Internet]. DASH diet: Healthy eating to lower your blood pressure. Mayo Clinic; 2022. Dostupno na: https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/nutrition-and-healthy-eating/in-depth/dash-diet/art-20048456.
12. UK Healthcare [Internet]. Gill Heart; Vascular Institute. DASH Diet; 2018. Dostupno na: https://ukhealthcare.uky.edu/gill-heart-vascular-institute/patient-resources/general-health/dash.
13. Martinis I, Lasić M, Oreč I, Pugelnik J. Dijetopterapija arterijske hipertenzije. Priručnik za bolesnike. Dubrava (Hrvatska): Klinička bolnica Dubrava; 2022. [citirano 21.05.2022]. Dostupno na: http://www.kbd.hr/fileadmin/Arhiva/Dokumenti/Dijetopterapija_arterijske_hipertenzije.pdf.
14. Katačić R. Dijetoterapija hipertenzije. Istarska Županija, Opća bolnica Pula; 2020. [Internet]. Dostupno na: https://zdrava-sana.istra-istria.hr/media/filer_public/fd/32/fd3289ee-2455-4db0-998a-458e6918aa01/dijetoterapija_hipertenzije.pdf.
15. Filippou CD, Tsioufis CP, Thomopoulos CG, Mihas CC, Dimitriadis KS, Sotiropoulou LI, et al. Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) Diet and Blood Pressure Reduction in Adults with and without Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Adv Nutr 2020; 11(5):1150-60. doi: 10.1093/advances/nmaa041.
16. Juraschek SP, Miller ER, Weaver CM, Appel LJ. Effects of Sodium Reduction and the DASH Diet in Relation to Baseline Blood Pressure. J Am Coll Cardiol 2017; 70(23):2841-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2017.10.011.
17. Chiu S, Bergeron N, Williams PT, Bray GA, Sutherland B, Krauss RM. Comparison of the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet and a higher-fat DASH diet on blood pressure and lipids and lipoproteins: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2016;103(2): 341-7. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.
18. Doheny K. Mediterranean Edges Out DASH for Best Diet of 2019 [Internet]. Medscape, WebMD, New York [uploaded Jan 2019, cited Jan 2019]. Available from: https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/907133?nlid=126970_2823&src=WNL_mdplsnews_190104_mscpedit_nurs&uac= 298574MG&spon=24&impID=1852185&faf=1#vp_3.
19.Paula TP, Viana LV, Neto AT, Leitão CB, Gross JL, Azevedo MJ. Effects of the DASH Diet and Walking on Blood Pressure in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Uncontrolled Hypertension: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2015; 17(11): 895-901.
20. Drehmer M, Odegaard AO, Schmidt MI, Duncan BB, Cardoso LO, Matos SMA, et al. Brazilian dietary patterns and the dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet-relationship with metabolic syndrome and newly diagnosed diabetes in the ELSA-Brasil study. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2017; 9:13.
21. Kooshki A, Hoseini B L. Phytochemicals and Hypertension. Shiraz E-Med J 2014; 15(1):e19738. doi: 10.17795/semj19738.
22. Edwards RL, Lyon T, Litwin SE, Rabovsky A, Symons JD, Jalili T. Quercetin reduces blood pressure in hypertensive subjects. J Nutr 2007; 137(11):2405-11. doi: 10.1093/jn/137.11.2405.
23. Jiménez JP, Serrano J, Tabernero M, Arranz S, Díaz-Rubio ME, García-Diz L, Goñi I, Saura-Calixto F. Effects of grape antioxidant dietary fiber in cardiovascular disease risk factors. Nutrition 2008; 24(7-8):646-53. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2008.03.012.
24. Abdelhamid AS, Brown TJ, Brainard JS, Biswas P, Thorpe GC, Moore HJ, et al. Omega-3 fatty acids for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020; 3(3):CD003177. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003177.pub5.
25. Mladenović I, Mladenović D. Nutritivne karakteristike, fiziloški efekti i zdravstveni značaj dijetnih vlakana. Zdravstvena zaštita 2020; 49(1):47-53. doi: 10.5937/ZZ2001047M.
26. Alibabić V, Mujić I. Pravilna prehrana i zdravlje. Rijeka: Veleučilište u Rijeci; 2016.
27. Tapsell LC, Hemphill I, Cobiac L, Patch CS, Sullivan DR, Fenech M, et al. Health benefits of herbs and spices: the past, the present, the future. Med J Aust 2006; 185(S4):S1-S24. doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.2006.tb00548.x.
28. Đulančić N. Toksikologija hrane (interna skripta). Sarajevo: Univerzitet u Sarajevu; 2016.
29. Onyemelukwe OU, Maiha BB. Relationship between plasma homocysteine and blood pressure in hypertensive Northern-Nigerians. Afr Health Sci 2020; 20(1):324-37. doi: 10.4314/ahs.v20i1.38.
30. Mitchell LJ, Ball LE, Ross LJ, Barnes KA, Williams LT. Effectiveness of Dietetic Consultations in Primary Health Care: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. J Acad Nutr Diet 2017; 117(12):1941-62. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2017.06.364.
31. Ivanišević K, Vuković Z, Mančinković D. Sestrinska edukacija o pravilnoj prehrani osoba oboljelih od šećerne bolesti. Sestrinski Glasnik 2014;19: 109-15.
32. Gabrić ID, Škoro V. Bolesti srca i krvnih žila – prehrana [Internet]. Klinički bolnički centar Sestre Milosrdnice, Zagreb. [citirano 21.05.2022]. Dostupno na: https://www.kbcsm.hr/za-pacijente/upute-o-prehrani-pacijenata-oboljelih-od-kardiovaskularnih-bolesti/prehrana-bolesnika/prehrana-kod-bolesti-srca-i-krvnih-zila/