PROCENA ZDRAVSTVENE PISMENOSTI ODRASLIH KOJI SVOJU ZDRAVSTVENU ZAŠTITU OSTVARUJU U DOMU ZDRAVLJA PIROT I FAKTORI KOJI JE ODREĐUJU

Jelena Gotić; Marko Marković; Jovana Radovanović

doi:10.5937/zdravzast53-50805

Jelena Gotić Dom zdravlja Pirot, Pirot, Republika Srbija
Marko Marković Dom zdravlja Pirot, Pirot, Republika Srbija
Jovana Radovanović Fakultet medicinskih nauka, Univerzitet u Kragujevcu, Kragujevac, Republika Srbija

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5937/zdravzast53-50805

Ključne reči: Zdravstvena pismenost, hronična bolest, faktori rizika, javno zdravlje

Sažetak

Uvod/cilj: Zdravstvena pismenost je pojam koji sve više dobija na važnosti u oblasti javnog zdravlja i zdravstvene zaštite, iako se kao takav koristi još od sedamdesetih godina XX veka. Cilj ovog rada je da se proceni nivo zdravstvene pismenosti u populaciji odraslih pacijenata koji svoju zdravstvenu zaštitu ostvaruju u Domu zdravlja Pirot, kao i da se identifikuju faktori koji mogu biti povezani sa nivoom zdravstvene pismenosti.

Metode: Istraživanje je sprovedeno u vidu studije preseka u Domu zdravlja Pirot u periodu od 1.5.2024. do 1.6.2024.godine. U istraživanju je učestvovalo 400 ispitanika. Кao instrumenti istraživanja korišćeni su opšti upitnik i Evropski upitnik za procenu zdravstvene pismenosti (engl. The European Health Literacy Questionnaire, HLS-EU-Q-47). U statističkoj analizi podataka korišćen je hi kvadrat test.

Rezultati: Od 400 odraslih ispitanika doma zdravlja 10,2% je imalo neadekvatnu, 15,8% problematičnu, 33,5% dovoljnu, a 40,5% odličnu zdravstvenu pismenost. Dovoljna ili odlična zdravstvena pismenost je statistički značajno bila povezana sa polom, godinama starosti, mestom stanovanja, bračnog statusa i stepenom obrazovanja. Lica sa hroničnim bolestima, kao i lica koja su lično procenila da imaju loše i veoma loše zdravstveno stanje, su značajno češće imala neodgovarajuću/problematičnu zdravstvenu pismenost.

Zaključak: Nizak nivo zdravstvene pismenosti je ključna barijera za korišćenje odgovarajuće zdravstvene zaštite, zbog čega je neophodno kontinuirano raditi na identifikaciji grupa sa neadekvatnom zdravstvenom pismenošću i njihovoj edukaciji.

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