DA LI JE ZNANJE O DIJABETES MELITUSU PREDUSLOV OPTIMALNE SAMONEGE I KONTROLE OVE BOLESTI?
Sažetak
Dijabetes melitus (engl. Diabetes mellitus - DM) predstavlja najčešću endokrinološku bolest savremenog doba pandemijskih razmera. Osobe s DM imaju povećan rizik od prerane smrti uzrokvane kardiovaskularnim i ostalim bolestima u odnosu na opštu populaciju. Znanje obolelih o DM uključuje niz uverenja o različitim aspektima bolesti koje su oboleli prikupili tokom svog života, pre i posle dijagnoze. Ovo znanje predstavlja značajan kognitivni faktor koji može uticati na prilagođavanje osobe na bolest, tok bolesti i njeno lečenje. U okviru ovog preglednog rada ispitano je da li je znanje o DM preduslov optimalne samonege i kontrole ove bolesti. Pretraživanje literature sprovedeno je korištenjem sledećih ključnih reči: dijabetes melitus, samonega, znanje i edukacija u okviru PubMed, Emabase, Scopus, SCIndex i Hrčak za razdoblje od 2001. do 2024. godine. Najveći broj istraživanja o znanju obolelih o DM koristilo je Upitnik znanja o dijabetesu (engl. Diabetes knowledge questionnaire - DKQ s 24 stavke). Kod obolelih od DM tipa 1 i DM tipa 2, koji su učestvovali u ovim istraživanjima, uočeno je deficitarno znanje o DM koje autori dovode u vezu s suboptimalnim vrednostima glukoze u krvi, visokim morbiditetom i mortalitetom. Porodična istorija DM, mlađa životna dob i fakultetsko obrazovanje su identifikovani kao nezavisni prediktori optimalnog znanja obolelih od DM u većini istraživanja. Rutinska procena nivoa znanja obolelih o DM putem standardizovanih upitnika, prateća identifikacija vulnerabilnih grupa i njihova edukacija omogućila bi unapređenje znanja oboljelih od DM i usvajanje veština neophodnih u aktivnostima samonege.
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