STARENJE KAO INDIKATOR PROMENE KVALITETA GLASA I GOVORA
Sažetak
Tokom procesa starenja dolazi do određenih promena u glasu i govoru. Glas osobe se tokom starenja menja, postaje nestabilniji, manje fleksibilan i javlja se promuklost. Ova studija ima za cilj da analizira efekte starenja na frekvencu glasa, intenzitet glasa i ritam i tempo govora. Literatura je proučavana korišćenjem elektronskih baza podataka, posebno Google Scholar Advanced Search i Konzorcijuma biblioteka Srbije za objedinjenu nabavku - KoBSON. Rezultati pokazuju da postoji pogoršanje akustičkih parametara glasa (frekvence i intenziteta glasa) sa godinama. Takođe je primećeno da je proces starenja u glasu izraženiji kod žena nego kod muškaraca. To se može objasniti hormonskim promenama koje su posebno izražene kod žena u periodu menopauze. Posle šezdesete godine intenzitet glasa postaje niži nezavisno od pola osobe. U zavisnosti od starosti osobe, menja se i ritam i tempo kojim govori. Utvrđeno je da starijim ispitanicima treba više vremena da izgovore određene glasove, što je povezano sa odlaganjem početka fonacije pri izgovoru alveolarnih i bilabijalnih glasova, a što se najčešće pripisuje degradaciji vilice. Studije pokazuju da starenje glasa i govora protiče postepeno i očekivano, sa jasno izraženim posledicama po svakodnevni život, što treba imati u vidu u kliničkoj praksi radi unapređenja kvaliteta života starijih osoba.
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