STAVOVI I ZNANJA RODITELJA ŠKOLSKE DECE O HPV INFEKCIJI I VAKCINACIJI U ZEMLJAMA BIVŠE JUGOSLAVIJE: PREGLEDNI RAD
Sažetak
U svetu, 2022. godine, rak grlića materice je bio četvrti najčešći rak kod žena sa preko 660.000 novoobolelih slučajeva godišnje. Uzrokuje ga perzistentna infekcija humanim papiloma virusom (HPV). Ključne mere prevencije raka grlića materice su skrining (Pap test) i HPV vakcina. U svetu, od 2023. godine, postoji 6 vrsta vakcina protiv HPV. Prema strategiji Svetske zdravstvene organizacije, kada bi pokrivenost vakcinacijom devojčica do 15 godina dostigla 90% bolest bi bila eliminisana. Zemlje članice SZO još uvek ne prelaze procenat obuhvata od 55%, dok zemlje bivše Jugoslavije imaju znatno niže procente. Cilj ovog preglednog rada je da se analiziraju stavovi i znanja roditelja o HPV vakcinaciji njihove dece u državama bivše Jugoslavije. Pretražene su elektronske baze podataka (PubMed, Scopus i Google Scholar) pomoću sledećih ključnih reči na engleskom jeziku: stavovi roditelja, prihvatanje vakcinacije, neodlučnost prema vakcinaciji i HPV vakcina. Identifikovana su četiri članaka koja su ispunjavala kriterijume za uključivanje. Analizirani radovi pokazali su da na prihvatanje vakcinacije protiv HPV infekcije od strane roditelja najveći uticaj ima preporuka pedijatra. U studijama sprovedenim u Srbiji pronađeno je da se češće vakcinišu devojčice nego dečaci. Roditelji su se izjasnili da se vakcinacija protiv HPV nedovoljno promoviše, te bi bilo značajno da se tome posveti više pažnje u budućnosti. Uočeno je da su roditelji ciljna populacija u kojoj treba sprovoditi edukativne intervencije o HPV infekciji i vakcinaciji, kako bi se postigla veća pokrivenost ovom vakcinom.
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