KLASIFIKACIJA ZEMLJIŠTA U MIKRODEPRESIJAMA REČNOG OSTRVA (VELIKO RATNO OSTRVO, SRBIJA)
Klasifikacija zemljišta ostrvskih mikrodepresija
Sažetak
Veliko ratno ostrvo je nastalo na ušću reke Save u Dunav, veoma je izloženo podzemnim i poplavnim vodama i stoga pogodno za istraživanje zemljišnog hidromorfizma. Cilj ovog rada je detaljna klasifikuja zemljišta iz dve donekle različite mikrodepresije na Velikom ratnom ostrvu, prema lokalnim i međunarodnim (WRB 2022 i USDA Soil Taxonomy), sistemima klasifikacije, sa posebnim osvrtom na faktore pedogeneze i svojstva zemljišta koja su uticala na klasifikaciju. Zemljište zatvorene mikrodepresije je euglej, hipoglej, mineralni, karbonatni ili Calcaric Oxygleyic Gleysol (Loamic, Humic). Zemljište mikrodepresije otvorene prema Dunavu je humoglej, karbonatni, blago alkalani, ilovasti ili Calcaric Oxygleyic Mollic Tidalic Gleysol (Loamic, Fluvi-Loaminovic). Oba zemljišta su Mollisols, Aquolls, Endoaquolls, Typic Endoaquolls. Pozemne vode (visok nivo i amplitude) uzorkovane topografijum, glavni su factor formiranja zemljšta, što je dovelo do procesa oglejavanja i redoksimorfnih osobina (redoximorphic features) koje su uticale na klasifikaciju zemljište na najvišem nivou lokalnog (red, klasa i tip) i WRB sistema (referntne grupe zemljišta – RSG i oksiglejni (oxygleyic) osnovni kvalifikator) kao i na drugom nivou (suborder) USDA Soil Taxonomy klasifikacije zemljišta u obe mikrodepresije. Pored toga, produženi periodi poplava doveli su do osnovnih (molični (Mollic) i tidalični (Titalic)) i dodatnih (fluvi-novični (Fluvi-Novic)) kvalifikatora zemljište u otvorenoj mikrodepresiji. Aluvijani sediment kao matični supstrat prouzrokovali su kalkarični (Calcaric) osnovni i loamični (Loamic) dopunski kvalifikator za oba zemljišta. Lokalna klasifikacija odražava većinu faktora pedogeneze i svojstava zemljišta kao i dve međunarodne klasifikacije. Da bi se izbegla moguće nedoumice i povećala tačnost, potrebne su kvantitativne granice na nivou tipa i nižih klasifikacionih jedinica.
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