Suitability of Apricot for Dried Fruit Production by Combined Technology
Keywords:
fruit, osmotic and convective drying, profitability, Prunus armeniaca
Abstract
The apricot is considered as one of the most delicious temperate fruit, highly appreciated as stone fruit but also a valuable raw material for processing. The Republic of Serbia is one of the leading apricot producers in the Southeast Europe, but assortment is limited by small number of cultivars harvested in the season of ‘‘Magyar kajszi’. In order to introduce the most suitable cultivars in the production, having high yield and high quality for consumption and various forms of processing, introduced and domestic cultivars have been intensively studied. In Serbia apricots are mostly marketed fresh, but demand for dried fruits with high quality is increasing. To preserve the nutritional and sensory quality of fresh apricots, choosing the best drying technique is significant, and the most preferred technique is reduction of moisture through convective drying. The aim of the paper was to compare the potential of the apricot cultivars ‘‘Magyar kajszi”, “Novosadska rodna”, “NS-4” and “NS-6” for dried fruit production by two phase technology - combined osmotic and convective drying, as well as the profitability of apricot drying on small family farms. Cultivars “NS-4” and “Novosadska rodna” showed suitability for combined drying technology. The highest score in the sensory evaluation of the dried apricots was given to “NS-4”, and then to “Novosadska rodna”. The results indicate that combined osmotic and convective drying of apricot rather than selling fresh fruits can be a profitable and important added value tool for small family farms.
References
Akça, Y., Özkan, Y. & Asma B.M. (1999). A study on determination of yield and fruit characteristics of certain Turkish dried apricot cultivars and types. Acta Horticulturae, 488, 129-1341.
Asma, M.B. (2007). Malatya: world’s capital of apricot culture. Chronica Horticulturae, 47, 20–24.
Babić, Lj. & Babić, M. (2003). Coupled osmotic and convective drying of apricot. Journal on Processing and Energy in Agriculture, 7, 1–3.
Babic, Lj., Babic, M. & Pavkov I. (2006). Apricot drying by a new technology. Journal of pomology, 40, 245-253.
Babić, M., Babić, Lj., Matić-Kekić, S. & Pavkov, I. (2005). Energy sustainable model of dried fruit production by combined technology. Journal on Processing and Energy in Agriculture, 9, 112–115.
Bureau, S., Chahine, H., Gouble, B., Reich, M., Albagnac, G. & Audergon, J.M. (2006). Fruit ripening of contrasted apricot varieties: physical, physiological and biochemical changes. Acta Horticulturae, 701, 511-516.
Cano-Lamadrid, M., Lech, K., Michalska-Ciechanowska, A., Wasilewska, M., Figiel, A., Wojdyło, A & Carbonell-Barrachina, Á. (2017). Influence of osmotic dehydration pre-treatment and combined drying method on physico-chemical and sensory properties of pomegranate arils, cultivar Mollar de elche. Food Chemistry, 232, 306–315.
Deng, L.Z., Zhongli, P., Zhang, Q., Liu, Z.L., Zhang, Y., Meng, J.S., Gao, Z.J. & Xiao, H.W. (2019). Effects of ripening stage on physicochemical properties, drying kinetics, pectin polysaccharides contents and nanostructure of apricots. Including results for Carbohydrate Polymers, 222, 1498.
Dinnella, C., Cicco, N., Gargaro, M.T., Monteleone, E., Infantino, V., Lattanzio, V. & Xiloyannis, C. (2006). Influences of ripening stage on quality indexes in apricot for fresh market and processing. Acta Horticulturae, 701, 523–528.
Drogoudi, P.D., Vemmos, S., Pantelidis, G., Petri, E., Tzoutzoukou, C.& Karayiannis, I. (2008). Physical characters and antioxidant, sugar, and mineral nutrient contents in fruit from 29 apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) cultivars and hybrids. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 56, 10754-10760.
Đurić, B., Keserović, Z., Korać, M. & Vračar, Lj. (2005). Newly developed apricot cultivars in Vojvodina). Journal of Pomology, 39, 279–284.
Egea, J., Romojaro, F., Pretel, M.T., Martinez-Madrid, M.C., Costell, E. & Cascales, A. (2006). Application of sensory analysis to the determination of the optimum quality and harvesting moment in apricots. Acta Horticulturae, 701, 529–532.
FAOSTAT (2020): FAO Statistical data base. Available from http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC/ accessed: 5.9.2020.
Inserra, L., Cabaroğlu, T., Şen, K., Arena, E., Ballistreri, G. & Fallico, B. (2017). Effect of sulphuring on physicochemical characteristics and aroma of dried Alkaya apricot: a new Turkish variety. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 41, 59– 68.
Janjai, S., Lamlert, N., Intawee, P., Mahayothee, B., Boonrod, Y. & Haewsungcharern, M. (2009). Solar drying of peeled longan using a side loading type solar tunnel dryer: Experimental and simulated performance. Dry Technology, 27, 595–605.
Kešelj, K., Babić, M., Pavkov, I., Radojčin, M., Stamenković, Z., Tekić, D., Ivanišević, M. (2019). Effects of storage and sulfurization with sulfur dioxide of different concentration on changes in the color of dried apricots. Journal on Processing and Energy in Agriculture, 23, 190-194
Khan, M.R. (2012). Osmotic dehydration technique for fruits preservation-A review. Pakistan Journal of Food Sciences, 22, 71-85.
Milatović D., Đurović D., Nikolić D. & Zec G. (2012). Improvement of apricot cultivar assortment in Serbia. Acta Horticulturae, 966, 131-135.
Milatović, D., Đurović, D. & Zec, G. (2015): Phenological characteristics, yield and fruit quality of introduced apricot cultivars in the region of Belgrade (Serbia). Proceedings of the Sixth International Scientific Agricultural Symposium „Agrosym 2015’’ (pp. 383-388).
Milić, D. & Vukoje, V. (2008). The production, economic and utility value of apricot. Journal on Processing and Energy in Agriculture, 12, 57–59.
Milić, D., Lukač Bulatović, M. & Kukić, Đ. (2007). Economics justification of dried fruits production on familiar farm. Journal on Processing and Energy in Agriculture, 11, 14–16.
Mundada, M., Hathan, B.S. & Maske, S. (2010). Convective dehydration kinetics of osmotically pretreated pomegranate arils. Biosystems Engineering, 107, 307-316.
Pavkov, I., Babić, Lj., Babić, M. & Radojčin, M. (2009). Osmotic drying of apricot (Prunus armeniaca) in sucrose solution. Agriculturae Conspectus Scientificus, 74, 253-257.
Peiro-Mena, R., Camacho, M. & Martinez–Navarette, N. (2006): Compositional and physicochemical changes associated to successive osmodehydration cycles of pineapple (Ananas comosus). Journal of Food Engineering, 79, 842–849.
Rahović, D. (2006). Influence of pomologic-technological characteristics cultivars and way of drying on quality of dry apricot. Poljoprivredne aktuelnosti, 1–2, 41–50.
Rahović, D., Keserović, Z., Čolić, S., Pavkov, I., Radojičin, M. (2013). Pomological traits of Novi Sad apricot cultivars and selections. Contemporary Agriculture, 62, 14-20.
Ramaswamy, H.S. & Van Nieuwenhuijzen, N.H. (2002). Evaluation and modeling of two-stage osmo-convectiv drying of apple slices. Drying Technology, 20, 651-667.
Riva, M., Campolongo, S., Avitabile, A., Maestrelli, A. & Torreggian, D. (2005): Structure–property relationships in osmoair-dehydrated apricot cubes. Food Research International, 38, 533–542.
Roussos, P., Denaxa, N.K., Tsafouros, A., Efstathios, N, Intidhar, B (2016). Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) In: Simmonds M., Preedy V. (Eds): Nutritional Composition of Fruit Cultivars (19-48). Academic Press.
Sablanı, S.S. (2006). Drying of fruits and vegetable: retention of nutritional/functional quality. Drying Technology, 24: 123-135.
Vukoje, V. & Pavkov, I. (2010). Analysis of economic justification of drying of apricots by combined technology. Journal on Processing and Energy in Agriculture, 14, 40–43.
Asma, M.B. (2007). Malatya: world’s capital of apricot culture. Chronica Horticulturae, 47, 20–24.
Babić, Lj. & Babić, M. (2003). Coupled osmotic and convective drying of apricot. Journal on Processing and Energy in Agriculture, 7, 1–3.
Babic, Lj., Babic, M. & Pavkov I. (2006). Apricot drying by a new technology. Journal of pomology, 40, 245-253.
Babić, M., Babić, Lj., Matić-Kekić, S. & Pavkov, I. (2005). Energy sustainable model of dried fruit production by combined technology. Journal on Processing and Energy in Agriculture, 9, 112–115.
Bureau, S., Chahine, H., Gouble, B., Reich, M., Albagnac, G. & Audergon, J.M. (2006). Fruit ripening of contrasted apricot varieties: physical, physiological and biochemical changes. Acta Horticulturae, 701, 511-516.
Cano-Lamadrid, M., Lech, K., Michalska-Ciechanowska, A., Wasilewska, M., Figiel, A., Wojdyło, A & Carbonell-Barrachina, Á. (2017). Influence of osmotic dehydration pre-treatment and combined drying method on physico-chemical and sensory properties of pomegranate arils, cultivar Mollar de elche. Food Chemistry, 232, 306–315.
Deng, L.Z., Zhongli, P., Zhang, Q., Liu, Z.L., Zhang, Y., Meng, J.S., Gao, Z.J. & Xiao, H.W. (2019). Effects of ripening stage on physicochemical properties, drying kinetics, pectin polysaccharides contents and nanostructure of apricots. Including results for Carbohydrate Polymers, 222, 1498.
Dinnella, C., Cicco, N., Gargaro, M.T., Monteleone, E., Infantino, V., Lattanzio, V. & Xiloyannis, C. (2006). Influences of ripening stage on quality indexes in apricot for fresh market and processing. Acta Horticulturae, 701, 523–528.
Drogoudi, P.D., Vemmos, S., Pantelidis, G., Petri, E., Tzoutzoukou, C.& Karayiannis, I. (2008). Physical characters and antioxidant, sugar, and mineral nutrient contents in fruit from 29 apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) cultivars and hybrids. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 56, 10754-10760.
Đurić, B., Keserović, Z., Korać, M. & Vračar, Lj. (2005). Newly developed apricot cultivars in Vojvodina). Journal of Pomology, 39, 279–284.
Egea, J., Romojaro, F., Pretel, M.T., Martinez-Madrid, M.C., Costell, E. & Cascales, A. (2006). Application of sensory analysis to the determination of the optimum quality and harvesting moment in apricots. Acta Horticulturae, 701, 529–532.
FAOSTAT (2020): FAO Statistical data base. Available from http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC/ accessed: 5.9.2020.
Inserra, L., Cabaroğlu, T., Şen, K., Arena, E., Ballistreri, G. & Fallico, B. (2017). Effect of sulphuring on physicochemical characteristics and aroma of dried Alkaya apricot: a new Turkish variety. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 41, 59– 68.
Janjai, S., Lamlert, N., Intawee, P., Mahayothee, B., Boonrod, Y. & Haewsungcharern, M. (2009). Solar drying of peeled longan using a side loading type solar tunnel dryer: Experimental and simulated performance. Dry Technology, 27, 595–605.
Kešelj, K., Babić, M., Pavkov, I., Radojčin, M., Stamenković, Z., Tekić, D., Ivanišević, M. (2019). Effects of storage and sulfurization with sulfur dioxide of different concentration on changes in the color of dried apricots. Journal on Processing and Energy in Agriculture, 23, 190-194
Khan, M.R. (2012). Osmotic dehydration technique for fruits preservation-A review. Pakistan Journal of Food Sciences, 22, 71-85.
Milatović D., Đurović D., Nikolić D. & Zec G. (2012). Improvement of apricot cultivar assortment in Serbia. Acta Horticulturae, 966, 131-135.
Milatović, D., Đurović, D. & Zec, G. (2015): Phenological characteristics, yield and fruit quality of introduced apricot cultivars in the region of Belgrade (Serbia). Proceedings of the Sixth International Scientific Agricultural Symposium „Agrosym 2015’’ (pp. 383-388).
Milić, D. & Vukoje, V. (2008). The production, economic and utility value of apricot. Journal on Processing and Energy in Agriculture, 12, 57–59.
Milić, D., Lukač Bulatović, M. & Kukić, Đ. (2007). Economics justification of dried fruits production on familiar farm. Journal on Processing and Energy in Agriculture, 11, 14–16.
Mundada, M., Hathan, B.S. & Maske, S. (2010). Convective dehydration kinetics of osmotically pretreated pomegranate arils. Biosystems Engineering, 107, 307-316.
Pavkov, I., Babić, Lj., Babić, M. & Radojčin, M. (2009). Osmotic drying of apricot (Prunus armeniaca) in sucrose solution. Agriculturae Conspectus Scientificus, 74, 253-257.
Peiro-Mena, R., Camacho, M. & Martinez–Navarette, N. (2006): Compositional and physicochemical changes associated to successive osmodehydration cycles of pineapple (Ananas comosus). Journal of Food Engineering, 79, 842–849.
Rahović, D. (2006). Influence of pomologic-technological characteristics cultivars and way of drying on quality of dry apricot. Poljoprivredne aktuelnosti, 1–2, 41–50.
Rahović, D., Keserović, Z., Čolić, S., Pavkov, I., Radojičin, M. (2013). Pomological traits of Novi Sad apricot cultivars and selections. Contemporary Agriculture, 62, 14-20.
Ramaswamy, H.S. & Van Nieuwenhuijzen, N.H. (2002). Evaluation and modeling of two-stage osmo-convectiv drying of apple slices. Drying Technology, 20, 651-667.
Riva, M., Campolongo, S., Avitabile, A., Maestrelli, A. & Torreggian, D. (2005): Structure–property relationships in osmoair-dehydrated apricot cubes. Food Research International, 38, 533–542.
Roussos, P., Denaxa, N.K., Tsafouros, A., Efstathios, N, Intidhar, B (2016). Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) In: Simmonds M., Preedy V. (Eds): Nutritional Composition of Fruit Cultivars (19-48). Academic Press.
Sablanı, S.S. (2006). Drying of fruits and vegetable: retention of nutritional/functional quality. Drying Technology, 24: 123-135.
Vukoje, V. & Pavkov, I. (2010). Analysis of economic justification of drying of apricots by combined technology. Journal on Processing and Energy in Agriculture, 14, 40–43.
Published
2021/10/12
Section
Original Scientific Paper