Determination of S alleles in Iranian sour cherry (Prunus cerasus) using consensus primers

samad aliyoun nazari

samad aliyoun nazari Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz

Abstract

Sour cherry is a tetraploid species, and gametophytic self-incompatibility (SI) operates in this species as well as in other stone fruit trees. However, while in sweet cherry SI is most common and self-compatibility (SC) genotypes are rarely found, in sour cherry both SC and SI selections are found. In this work, S-alleles have been identified for 70 sour cherry accessions and cultivars from Shabestar regions of Iran, with S-genotypes of 68 cultivars identified for the first time. To identify the S-alleles, PCR-based methods were used. The amplification of the different alleles using combinations of the four forward (PaConsI-F, PruC2, PaConsII-F, EM-PC2consFD) and the five reverse primers (PruC4R, PCE-R, PaConsI-Rnew, PaConsII-R, EM-PC5consRD) revealed that the most useful for the identification of sour cherry alleles. Nine known S-haplotypes (S6, S4, S9, S6m, S6m2, S24, S26, S35, S36a) were identified. In our study alleles S6, S9, S6m2 have a high frequency. The potential use of the consensus primers to reveal incompatibility alleles in sour cherry accessions is demonstrated.

References

Boskovic, R., Wolfram, B., Tobutt, K.R., Cerovic, R., & Sonneveld, T. (2006). Inheritance and interactions of incompatibility alleles in the tetraploid sour cherry. Theor. Appl. Genet., 112, 315–326.

Cachi A.M., & Wünsch A. (2014). S-genotyping of sweet cherry varieties from Spain and S-locus diversity in Europe. Euphytica, 197, 229–236.

Channuntapipat, C., Wirthensohn, M., Ramesh, S.A., Batlle, I., & Arús, P. (2003). Identification of incompatibility genotypes in almond (Prunus dulcis Mill.) using specific primers based on the introns of the S-alleles. Plant Breeding, 122, 164–168.

Doyle J.J., & Doyle, J.L. (1990). Isolation of plant DNA from fresh tissue. Focus, 1, 13-15.

Franklin-Tong, N., & Franklin, F.C.H. (2003). Gametophytic self-incompatibility inhibits pollen tube growth using different mechanisms. Trends in Plant Science, 8, 598–605.

Gisbert, A.D., Badenes, M.L., Tobutt, K.R., Llacer, G., & Romero, C. (2008). Determination of the S-allele composition of sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) cultivars grown in the southeast of Spain by PCR analysis. J. Hort. Sci. Biotechnol., 83, 246–252.

Hajilou, J., Grigorian, V., Mohammadi, S.A., Nazemmieh, A., Romero, C., & Vilanova, L. (2006). Self- and cross-(in) compatibility between important apricot cultivars in northwest Iran. The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 81 (3), 513-517.

Hauck, N.R., Ikeda, K., Tao R., & Iezzoni, A.F., (2006). The mutated S1-haplotype in sour cherry has an altered S-haplotype-specific F-box protein gene. J. Hered., 97 (5), 514–520.

Hauck, N.R., Yamane, H., Tao, R., & Iezzoni, A.F. (2006b). Accumulation of nonfunctional S-haplotypes results in the breakdown of gametophytic self-incompatibility in tetraploid Prunus. Genetics, 172 (2), 1191–1198.

Hauck, N.R., Yamane, H., Tao, R., & Iezzoni A.F. (2002). Self-compatibility and incompatibility in tetraploid sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.). Sex. Plant Reprod., 15, 39–46.

Ipek, A., Gulen, H., Akcay, M.E., Ipek, M., Ergin, S., & Eris, A. (2011). Determination of self-incompatibility groups of sweet cherry genotypes from Turkey. Genet. Mol. Res., 10, 253–260.

Khadivi-Khub, A., Zaman, Z., Fattahi, F., & Wünsch, A. (2014). S-allele diversity in Prunus L. Cerasus subgenus from Iran. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 53, 1–7.

Lacis, G., Kaufmane, E., Rashal, I., Trajkovski, V., & Iezzoni, A.F. (2008). Identification of self-incompatibility (S) alleles in Latvian and Swedish sweet cherry genetic resources collections by PCR based typing. Euphytica, 160, 155–163.

Lansari, A., & Iezzoni, A. (1990). A preliminary analysis of self-incompatibility in sour cherry. Hort Sci., 25, 1636–1638.

Muñoz-Sanz, J.V., Zuriaga, E., López, I., Badenes, M.L., & Romero, C. (2017). Self-(in) compatibility in apricot germplasm is controlled by two major loci, S and M. BMC Plant Biology, 17, 82.

Olmstead, J.W. (2006). Linkage map construction and analysis of fruit size in sweet (Prunus avium L.) and sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.). PhD Thesis, Michigan State University 166 pp.

Schuster, M. (2012). Incompatible (S-) genotypes of sweet cherry cultivars (Prunus avium L.). Scientia Horticulturae, 148, 59–73.

Sebolt, A.M., Iezzoni, A.F., & Tsukamoto, T. (2017). S-genotyping of cultivars and breeding selections of sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) in the Michigan State University sour cherry breeding program. Acta Hortic., 1161.

Sonneveld, T., Robbins, T.P., & Tobutt, K.R. (2006). Improved discrimination of self-incompatibility S-RNase alleles in cherry and high throughput genotyping by automated sizing of first intron polymerase chain reaction products. Plant Breeding, 125, 305–307.

Sonneveld, T., Tobutt, K.R., & Robbins, T.P. (2003). Allele-speciﬁc PCR detection of sweet cherry self-incompatibility (S) alleles S1 to S16 using consensus and allele-speciﬁc primers. Theor. Appl. Genet., 107, 1059—1070.

Sutherland, B.G., Robbins, T.P., & Tobutt, K.R. (2004). Primers amplifying a range of Prunus S-alleles. Plant Breeding, 123, 582–584.

Tamura, M., Ushijima, K., Sassa, H., Hirano, H., & Tao, R. (2000). Identification of self-incompatibility genotypes of almond by allele-specific PCR analysis. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 101, 344–349.

Tao, R., Yamane, H., Sugiura, A., Murayama, H., Sassa, H., & Mori, H. (1999). Molecular Typing Of S-Alleles Through Identiﬁcation, Characterization and Cdna Cloning For S-Rnases In Sweet Cherry. J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci., 124, 224–233.

Tsukamoto, T., Hauck, N.R., Tao, R., Jiang, N., & Iezzoni, A.F. (2010). Molecular and genetic analyses of four non functional S haplotype variants derived from a common ancestral S haplotype identified in sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.). Genetics, 184 (2), 411–427.

Tsukamoto, T., Hauck, N.R., Tao, R., Jiang, N., & Iezzoni, A.F. (2006). Molecular characterization of three non-functional Shaplotypes in sour cherry (Prunus cerasus). Plant Mol. Biol., 62, 371–383.

Tsukamoto, T., Tao, R., & Iezzoni, A.F. (2008). PCR markers for mutated S-haplotypes enable discrimination between self-incompatible and self-compatible sour cherry selections. Mol. Breed., 21 (1), 67–80.

Wiersma, P.A., Wu, Z., Zhou, L., Hampson, C., & Kappel, Z. (2001). Identiﬁcation of new self-incompatibility alleles in sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) and clariﬁcation of incompatibility groups by PCR and sequencing analysis. Theor. Appl. Genet., 102, 700-708.

Wunsch, A., & Hormaza, J.I. (2004). Molecular evaluation of genetic diversity and S-allele composition of Spanish local sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) cultivars. Genet. Res. Crop Evol., 51, 635-641.

Yaegaki, H., Shimada, T., Moriguchi, T., Hayama, H., Haji, T., & Yamaguchi, M. (2001). Molecular characterization of S-RNase genes and S-genotypes in the Japanese apricot (Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc.). Sexual Plant Reproduction, 13, 251–257.

Yamane, H., Ikeda, K., Hauck, N.R., Iezzoni, A.F., & Tao, R. 2003 - Self-incompatibility(S) locus region of the mutated S6-haplotype of sour cherry (Prunus cerasus) contains a functional pollen S allele and a non-functional pistil S allele. J. Exp. Bot., 5 (392), 2431.

Yamane, H., Tao, R., Sugiura, A., Hauck, N.R., & Iezzoni, A.F. (2001). Identification and characterization of S-RNases in tetraploid sour cherry (Prunus cerasus). J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci., 126, 661–667.