the PHENOTYPIC DIVERSITY ASSESSMENT OF MOROCCAN LOQUAT (ERIOBOTRYA JAPONICA LINDIL.) USING MULTIPLE CORRESPONDENCE ANALYSIS

KABIRI Ghizlane; Fatima Zahra LACHKHAM; Oussama KODAD; Francisca HERNANDEZ; Said ENNAHLI; Hafida  HANINE

KABIRI Ghizlane Laboratory of Industrial Engineering and Surface Engineering, Faculty of Science and Techniques, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal,
Fatima Zahra LACHKHAM 1Laboratory of Development and Safety of Food Products, Faculty of Sciences and Technics, University of Sultan Moulay Slimane Beni Mellal
Oussama KODAD Department of Horticulture and Viticulture, National School of Agriculture, Meknes, Morocco
Francisca HERNANDEZ Centar za agrohranu i agroekološka istraživanja i inovacije (CIAGRO-UMH) Miguel Hernández Univerzitet Elche, Alicante
Said ENNAHLI epartment of Horticulture and Viticulture, National School of Agriculture, Meknes
Hafida HANINE Laboratory of Industrial Engineering and Surface Engineering, Faculty of Science and Techniques, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal

Keywords: Eriobotrya japonica, phenotypic variability; quantitatives traits; coefficient of variation; multiple correspondence analysis

Abstract

The loquat fruit has a very important commercial value due to its benefits on human health. However, there is very limited scientific research on this species in Morocco. I this regard, a set of 35 genotypes were collected from of zegzel valley of Berkane. The phenotypic variability was evaluated using nine traits related to fruit and leaf. The results revealed a coefficient of variation varying from 13.02 to 42.21 %, which means a large phenotypic variation in Moroccan loquat, especially the characteristics associated to the fruit shape. Regarding the multiple correspondence analysis, the first two axes explained 62.57% of the total variance. The major traits allowing to the distinction between genotypes were the characteristics related to fruit size. Therefore, the genotypes called, Mekerkba in the region of Zegzel, is not a single variety but they are genotypes having a round fruits shape. In addition, the 35 accessions studied were divided into three main groups independently of their origin geographic. Indeed, the results indicated that the geographical proximity has not an important role in the genotypes structure of accessions, meaning a weak adaptation of genotypes to the environment. The findings generated by this study could be used in conventional breeding and in situ conservation programs of Moroccan loquat

References

Gariglio N., Castillo Á., Juan M., Almela V., & Agustí M. (2002). El Nispero Japonés. Técnica para mejorar la calidad del fruto. Divulgació Tècnica nº 52, Generalidad Valenciana. C.A.P.A., Valencia, 61pp.

Sun H., Chen W., Jiang Y., He, Q., Li X., Guo Q., Xiang S., Xi W., & Liang, G. (2020). Characterization of volatiles in red- and white-fleshed loquat (Eriobotrya japonica) fruits by electronic nose and headspace solid-phase microextraction with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Food Science and Technology, 40, 10.

Virginia P.V., & Juan José H.M. (2011). Maduración Del Níspero Japonés (Eriobotrya Japonica Lindl.) Cv. Algerie: Carácter Climatérico E Índices De Recolección. pp 100.

Regional Office of Agricultural Value of Moulouya (ORMVAM). 2015, 2021. Published on MapNews (https://www.mapnews.ma/fr).

Zubair M., Ajmal S.U., Anwar M., & Haqqani A.M. (2007). Multivariate analysis for quantitative traits in mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 39 (1), 103.

Mohammadi S.A., & Prasanna B.M. (2003). Analysis of genetic diversity in crop plants-salient statistical tools and considerations. Crop Science, 43 (4), 1235-1248.

Hussain A., N.A., Abbasi, I.A., Hafiz, A., Shakor, S.M., & Naqvi, S. (2011). Performance of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica) genotypes under agro-ecological conditions of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 13 (5), 746–750.

UPOV (1998). Guidelines for the conduct of tests for distinctness, uniformity and stability of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl.) International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants, Geneva, Switzerland.

Hamrick, J.L., Godt, M.J.W., & Sherman-Broyles, S.L. (1991). Factors influencing levels of genetic diversity in woody plant species. New Forests. 6, 95-125.

Khadivi-Khub, A., & Etemadi-Khah, A. (2015). Phenotypic diversity and relationships between morphological traits in selected almond (Prunus amygdalus) germplasm. Agroforestry Systems, 9, 205–216

Elimasni & Nasution, R. A. (2021). Study morphology of loquat plants (Eriobotrya Japonica Lindl.) from Karo, Dairi, and Simalungun Districts, North Sumatra. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 912 012103.

Jayanti, T. (2018). Karakterisasi Fenotip Kepuh (Sterculia foetida L.) Di Kabupaten Lamongan. Skrips. Surabaya: Universitas Islam Sunan Ampel.

Rabelo, J., Monteiro, M., Alves, D., Lima, J., & Reis, L. Santos, N. (2020). Reproductive phenology of yellow pitaya in a high-altitude tropical region in Brazil. Acta Scientiarum Agronomy, 42, e43335.

Drobná, J. (2010). Morphological variation in natural populations of Lotus corniculatus in association to geographical parameters of collecting sites" Biologia, 65 (2), 213-218.