YIELD, PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL-TECHNOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF GRAIN AND FLOUR OF NEW WINTER WHEAT VARIETIES IN DIFFERENT AGROECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS
Keywords:
wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), quality, grain yield, variety, agroecological conditions.
Abstract
The need for global food security requires an increase in wheat production, as the third most common crop in the world with a significant role in the global and Serbian economy. Although breeding and agrotechnical measures contribute to yield growth, agriculture faces challenges such as climate change, land degradation and rising input costs, which require new approaches to production stability. The aim of the research was to identify differences in grain yield and quality between the widely used wheat variety Pobeda and the new wheat variety ML Grigorija, taking into account the influence of genotype and external conditions. The yield and physicochemical properties of grain and flour of ML Grigorija and Pobeda were examined at six locations in Serbia during 2021/22. and 2022/23. The experiments were organized according to a randomized design with three replications, with standard agrotechnical measures. The yield was calculated and corrected to standard moisture, while the physicochemical and rheological properties were analyzed in accredited laboratories according to SRPS ISO standards. Technological parameters of wheat were also examined. The obtained results were processed statistically using the analysis of variance method, and for individual comparisons the least significant difference test (lsd test) was used. The results showed significant differences in yield, physical and technological properties depending on the factors examined. The ML Grigorija variety achieved high yields and good technological quality in favorable conditions, while Pobeda had more stable physical properties and better test stability, which indicates that the selection of the genotype adapted to environmental conditions enables the achievement of high and stable yields and quality.
References
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Carew, R., Smith, E. G., & Grant, C. (2009). Factors influencing wheat yield and variability: Evidence from Manitoba, Canada. Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics, 41(3), 625-639. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1074070800003114
Dadrasi, A., Chaichi, M., Nehbandani, A., Soltani, E., Nemati, A., Salmani, F., ... & Yousefi, A. R. (2023). Global insight into understanding wheat yield and production through Agro-Ecological Zoning. Scientific Reports, 13(1), 15898.
Dolijanović, Ž., Kovačević, D., Oljača S., Simić, Jovanović, Ž. (2005). Značaj i uloga plodoreda u proizvodnji pšenice. Arhiv za poljoprivredne nauke, 66(235), 65-72.
Dolijanović, Ž., Kovačević, D., Oljača, S., Popović Đorđević, J., Simić, D. (2018). Prinos i hemijski sastav zrna ozime pšenice u organskoj i konvencionalnoj tehnologiji gajenja. Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik, 24(1-2), 139-144.
Dončić, D., Popović, V., Lakić, Ž., Popović, D., Petković, Z. (2019). Economic analysis of wheat production and applied marketing management. Agriculture & Forestry, 65(4), 91-100. DOI: 10.17707/AgricultForest.65.4.08 DOI: 10.17707/AgricultForest.65.4.08
Dziki, D., & Laskowski, J. (2004). Influence of kernel size on grinding process of wheat at respective grinding stages. 29-33.
Đurić, N., Trkulja, V., Simić, D., Prodanović, S., Djekić, V., Dolijanović, Ž. (2013). Analysis grain yield and quality of some cultivars of winter wheat in 2011 and in 2012. Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik, 19(1-2), 15-22.
Đurić, N., Cvijanović, G., Dozet, G., Rajičić, V., Branković, G., Poštić, D. (2020). Uticaj godine i lokaliteta na prinos zrna i komponente prinosa kod ozime pšenice. Selekcija i semenarstvo, 26(1), 9-18.
FAO (2018–2022. https://www.fao.org/faostat/)
Iqbal, M. J., Shams, N., Fatima, K. (2022). Nutritional quality of wheat. In Wheat-recent advances. IntechOpen. DOI:10.5772/intechopen.104659
Igrejas, G., & Branlard, G. (2020). The importance of wheat. In Wheat quality for improving processing and human health (pp. 1-7). Cham: Springer International Publishing)
Jocković, B., Ilin S., Mirosavljević M., Aćin V., Živančev D., Dražić T., Matković-Stojšin M. (2023). "NS Lenija-nova sorta ozime pšenice". Selekcija i semenarstvo 29(1), 61-68. DOI: 10.5937/SelSem2301061J
Kovačević, D., Oljača, S., Denčić, S., Kobiljski, B., Dolijanović, Ž. (2007). Održiva poljoprivreda: Značaj adaptacije agrotehničkih mera u proizvodnji ozime pšenice. Arhiv za poljoprivredne nauke, 68(244), 39-51.
Kaya, Y., & Akcura, M. (2014). Effects of genotype and environment on grain yield and quality traits in bread wheat (T. aestivum L.). Food Science and Technology, 34, 386-393. https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.2014.0041
Kristensen, K., Schelde, K., & Olesen, J. E. (2011). Winter wheat yield response to climate variability in Denmark. The Journal of Agricultural Science, 149(1), 33-47. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021859610000675
Lakić-Karalić, N., Vasilišin, L., Vučić, G. (2021). Relationship between the test weight and some physical and chemical properties of the wheat kernel: Povezanost između hektolitarske mase i nekih fizičkih i hemijskih osobina pšeničnog zrna. Agro-knowledge journal, 22(4). DOI:10.7251/AGREN2104137K
Langridge, P., Alaux, M., Almeida, N. F., Ammar, K., Baum, M., Bekkaoui, F., ... & Zhang, X. (2022). Meeting the challenges facing wheat production: The strategic research agenda of the Global Wheat Initiative. Agronomy, 12(11), 2767. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12112767
Ljubičić, N., Popović, V., Ivošević, B., Rajičić, V., Simić, D., Kostić, M., Pajić, M. (2022). Spike index stability of bread wheat grown on halomorphic soil. Selekcija i semenarstvo, 28(1), 1-8. doi: 10 .5937/SelSem2201001L
Nagarajan, S., Tripathi, S., Singh, G. P., Chaudhary, H. B. (2007). Effect of genotype and environment on quality traits and grain yield of wheat. Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding, 67(02), 149-152.
Paunescu, R. A., Bonciu, E., Rosculete, E., Paunescu, G., Rosculete, C. A. (2023). The Effect of Different Cropping Systems on Yield, Quality, Productivity Elements, and Morphological Characters in Wheat (Triticum aestivum). Plants, 12(15), 2802.https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12152802
Randhawa, M. A., Anjum, F. M., & Butt, M. S. (2002). Physico-chemical and milling properties of new spring wheats grown in Punjab and Sind for the production of pizza. Int. J. Agric. Biol, 4, 482-484.
Rebouh, N. Y., Khugaev, C. V., Utkina, A. O., Isaev, K. V., Mohamed, E. S., & Kucher, D. E. (2023). Contribution of eco-friendly agricultural practices in improving and stabilizing wheat crop yield: A review. Agronomy, 13(9), 2400. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13092400
Republički zavod za statistiku, (https://www.stat.gov.rs/)
Singh, A., Gupta, O. P., Pandey, V., Ram, S., Kumar, S., & Singh, G. P. (2022). Physicochemical components of wheat grain quality and advances in their testing methods. In New Horizons in Wheat and Barley Research: Global Trends, Breeding and Quality Enhancement (pp. 741-757). Singapore: Springer Singapore.
Shewry, P. R. (2009). Wheat. Journal of experimental botany, 60(6), 1537-1553.) https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erp058
Sharma, I., Tyagi, B. S., Singh, G., Venkatesh, K., Gupta, O. P. (2015). Enhancing wheat production-A global perspective. The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 85(1), 03-13. https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v85i1.45935
Wu, P., Zhao, G., Liu, F., Ahmad, S., Fan, T., Li, S., ... & Cai, T. (2021). Agronomic system for stabilizing wheat yields and enhancing the sustainable utilization of soil: A 12-year in-situ rotation study in a semi-arid agro-ecosystem. Journal of Cleaner Production, 329,129768.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.129768
Zećević, V., Luković, K., Đurić, N., Matković Stojšin, M., Savić, S., Mićanović, D., Knežević, D. (2024). Tehnološki kvalitet sorti pšenice gajenih po principima održive proizvodnje. Zbornik izvoda: Nacionalni naučni skup sa međunarodnim učešem Biotehnologija i savremeni pristup gajenju i oplemenjivanju bilja, S. Palanka, 110-113.
Published
2025/10/03
Section
Original Scientific Paper