POREĐENJE PROIZVODNIH PERFORMANSI I KVALITETA PLODA IZMEĐU NOVOSTVORENIH ITALIJANSKIH JEDNORODNIH SORTI JAGODE
Sažetak
Ova istraživanja ilustruju razlike u fenologiji, produktivnosti i kvalitetu ploda novostvorenih jednorodnih sorti jagode (‘Quicky’, ‘Sandra’, ‘Lofty’, ‘Mila’ and ‘Aprica’) poreklom iz Italije sa ciljem prepoznavanja njihovog potencijala za širi uzgoj. Istraživanja su izvedena u plantažnom zasadu jagode u blizini Šida (Srbija) tokom perioda 2021-2022. godina. Zasad je podignut u julu 2020. godine, u dvoredom sistemu na gredicama prekrivenim crnom polietilenskom folijom. Kod sorti su ispitivani vreme cvetanja i zrenja, komponente prinosa, vegetativni rast, kao i biometrijske osobine ploda (masa ploda, indeks oblika ploda) i nutritivna vrednost ploda (sadržaj rastvorljive suve materije, ukupnih kiselina, vitamina C, ukupnih antocijana, ukupnih fenola i antioksidativni kapacitet ploda). Rezultati su pokazali da je najraniji početak zrenja imala sorta ‘Quicky’, dok je najkasniji registrovan kod sorte ‘Aprica’ u obe eksperimentalne godine. Broj krunica po bokoru je bio značajno veći kod sorti ‘Sandra’ i ‘Lofty’, pri čemu je sorta ‘Sandra’ takođe imala i najveći broj listova u rozeti (41,5) u poređenju sa ostalim ispitivanim sortama. Sorta ‘Aprica’ je ispoljila superiornost u pogledu najveće produktivnosti (1061 g/biljci i 4,67 kg/m2), praćeno sa najvećom krupnoćom ploda (29,9 g) i indeksom oblika ploda (1,15). Suprotno tome, najniži rodni potencijal je utvrđen kod sorte ‘Mila’ (608 g/biljci i 2,68 kg/m2). Najviše rangirane u pogledu sadržaja rastvorljive suve materije su bile sorte ‘Lofty’ i ‘Sandra’, a one su se karakterisale i značajno višim sadržajem ukupnih fenola (1,29 mg GAE ekv.g-1 sveže mase ploda ) i ukupnih antocijana (24,4 mg pg-3-g ekv.100 g-1 sveže mase ploda), po redosledu pominjanja.
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