Etnobotaničko istraživanje lekovitih biljaka koje koriste stanovnici okruga Bhola u Bangladešu
Sažetak
Ovo etnobotaničko istraživanje dokumentuje raznovrsnost lekovitih biljaka i tradicionalno znanje u okrugu Bhola u Bangladešu, ekosistemu delte koji je nedovoljno zastupljen u etnobotaničkoj literaturi. Sprovedeni su polustrukturirani intervjui sa 100 ispitanika u periodu između juna i decembra 2025. godine, beležeći biljne vrste, metode pripreme i terapijske primene. Ukupno je dokumentovano 39 vrsta lekovitih biljaka iz 28 porodica, pri čemu su porodice Combretaceae i Lamiaceae bile najzastupljenije (po 7,69%). Drveće (35,9%) i zeljaste biljke (33,3%) predstavljali su dominantne oblike rasta, dok su listovi (43,3%) i plodovi (22,4%) bili najčešće korišćeni delovi biljaka. Dekokt (odvar) (46,2%) i ceđenje soka (23,1%) bili su primarni načini pripreme. Analiza relativne učestalosti navođenja (engl. relative frequency of citation – RFC) pokazala je da su Allium sativum (0,85), Aloe vera (0,82) i Curcuma longa (0,73) kulturno najznačajnije vrste. Vrednosti faktora saglasnosti ispitanika (engl. informant consensus factor – ICF) kretale su se od 0,67 do 0,91, pri čemu su poremećaji digestivnog trakta (0,91), respiratorne bolesti (0,88) i kožna oboljenja (0,86) pokazali najveći stepen saglasnosti. Ovi nalazi pružaju osnovne podatke za integraciju tradicionalne medicine u zdravstvene okvire zasnovanu na dokazima i identifikuju prioritetne vrste za fitohemijska istraživanja i mere očuvanja u ovom osetljivom ekosistemu delte.
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