ŠTA JESTE „REPUBLIKANIZAM”?
REPUBLIKA KAO „FORMA VLASTI” I REPUBLIKA KAO „FORMA VLADAVINE”
Sažetak
U ovom tekstu analiziramo značenje riječi „republika” i „republikanizam”. U pitanju su klasični politički pojmovi, koji se vijekovima upotrebljavaju kako u naučnostručnoj literaturi, tako i u političkoj praksi i kolokvijalnom govoru. Ipak, da li je sasvim jasno i nedvosmisleno šta te riječi označavaju? Može li se destilovati jedan jedinstven smisao i značenje riječi republika/republikanizam. Kako razumjeti i opravdati intenzivnu savremenu naučnu diskusiju na tu temu? Generalno posmatrano, moguće je slijediti tri matrice za definisanje: prvo, moguće je analizirati različite teorije republikanizma, kakve npr. imamo u djelima Machiavellija, Kanta, itd. Drugo, moguće je analizirati različite istorijske forme koje je republika imala u stvarnosti, poput npr. rimske republike, Venecije ili USA. Treće, moguće je analizirati različite doktrine republikanizma, kakve su npr. liberalni republikanizam ili civic republicanism. Intencija ovog teksta jeste da se na osnovu ovih klasifikacija i njihove komparativne analize, pokušaju tako dobijeni modeli provući kroz modifikovanu kantijansku diferenciju između „forme vladavine” i „forme vlasti” i tako destilovati jedan precizniji pojam republike i republikanizma.
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