URODNJAVANJE JAVNIH POLITIKA U SRBIJI: DA LI RADI ZA ŽENE?
Sažetak
Od 2010. godine sistemsko uvođenje rodne perspektive u donošenje, sprovođenje i praćenje javnih politika je jedan od glavnih strateških ciljeva Republike Srbije u oblasti unapređenja rodne ravnopravnosti. Evidentan napredak učinjen je u pogledu razvijanja normativnog i strateškog okvira rodne ravnopravnosti, naročito poslednjih godina usvajanjem Zakona o rodnoj ravnopravnosti (2021), Strategije za rodnu ravnopravnost za period 2021-2030 i Strategije za sprečavanje i borbu protiv rodno zasnovanog nasilja prema ženama i nasilja u porodici za period 2021-2025. Zakon o planskom sistemu i Zakon o budžetskom sistemu obavezuju budžetske korisnike da primenjuju rodno odgovorno budžetiranje. Uprkos tome, nije došlo do pomaka u ostvarivanju de facto rodne ravnopravnosti.
Rad ima za cilj da doprinese ispitivanju efikasnosti strategije urodnjavanja u pogledu eliminisanja rodnog režima koji počiva na strukturnoj neravnopravnosti žena i muškaraca. Zaključak je dvojak: prvo, evidentni napredak koji je država učinila u pogledu razvijanja normativnog i političkog okvira rodne ravnopravnosti nije doprineo rodno osetljivim transformativnim promenama; i drugo, jaz između proklamovanih politika i stvarnosti je naročito izražen u kriznim vremenima, kao u slučaju pandemije COVID-19, kada se pitanja vezana za položaj žena i rodnu ravnopravnost po pravilu zanemaruju. Strategija urodnjavanja nije efikasna, jer je država ne sprovodi dosledno, a donosioci odluka ne smatraju rodnu ravnopravnost važnim pitanjem. Uočena je tendencija da će se ovaj jaz između normativnog i stvarnog u budućnosti nastaviti s obzirom na jačanje desnice i radikalizacije u društvu i nastavljanje vođenja neoliberalne ekonomske politike koja počiva na strukturnim nejednakostima i neravnoteži moći. Proklamovane politike rodne ravnopravnosti ne mogu da rade za žene sve dok se smatraju sporednim pitanjem, nevažnim za razvoj društva.
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