(NE)MERLJIVOST NASILJA: GRANICE KVANTIFIKACIJE NASILJA U SAVREMENIM DRUŠTVIMA

Kristina Pejkovic

doi:10.5937/politeia0-59581

Kristina Pejkovic Filozofski fakultet

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5937/politeia0-59581

Ključne reči: Nasilje, kvantifikacija, ograničenja, strukturno nasilje, stopa ubistava

Sažetak

Osnovna tema ovog rada jeste teorijsko sagledavanje problematike merenja nasilja u društvima sa težnjom da se odgovori na pitanje da li je nasilje u društvu uopšte moguće izmeriti. U skladu sa tim predstavljeni su osnovni problemi u vezi sa definisanjem i klasifikacijom nasilja; ustaljeni načini merenja nasilja i ograničenja u vezi sa tim. Ne postoji jedinstvena definicija nasilja, niti tipologija ‒ one zavise od različitih kulturnih, ideoloških i političkih faktora. Ono što je zajedničko svim definicijama jeste da nasilje za posledicu ima različite vrste povređivanja ili ubistva ljudi. Posebno kontroverzan oblik nasilja jeste ono nevidljivo nasilje ili strukturno, koje zbog opsega svojih posledica ne bi trebalo biti izuzeto iz analize utvrđivanja stepena nasilja u društvima, a često jeste izuzeto. Stoga se ovaj rad u velikoj meri oslanja na Galtungovu teoriju strukturnog nasilja. Osnovna pretpostavka ovog rada jeste da nasilje u jednom društvu nije jednostavno precizno izmeriti jer postoje značajna ograničenja u tome. Neka od njih odnose se na (1) opšti problem kvantifikacije društvenih pojava; (2) pitanje šta se sve podrazumeva pod nasiljem tj. šta se smatra relevantnim za merenje; (3) manje vidljive oblike nasilja poput strukturnog nasilja i nasilja u porodici; (4) ograničenja u vezi sa beleženjem nasilja; (5) prostorna i vremenska ograničenja. Dakle, cilj ovog rada jeste podsticanje na razmišljanje o tome koji sve indikatori, pored onih ustaljenih kao što je stopa homicida, treba da budu uzeti u obzir prilikom određenja stepena nasilja u jednom društvu.

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