Bezbednost u stambenim zgradama ‒ evakuacija stambene zgrade bez požarnih stepenica

Ključne reči: evakuacija, zgrada, stanari, simulacija

Sažetak


Uvod/cilj: Bezbednost u visokim stambenim zgradama predstavlja veoma važan zadatak. U slučaju neke nepredviđene i opasne pojave, stanari tih zgrada  moraju biti evakuisani. Požar, zemljotres i terorističke akcije samo su neke od takvih situacija. Brzina evakuacije iz visoke stambene zgrade zavisi od mnogo različitih faktora. Zadatak  evakuacije je posebno težak i komplikovan ukoliko  zgrada nema požarne stepenice.

Metode: U ovom radu korišćena je metoda modelovanja. Na osnovu realnog objekta ‒ stambene zgrade, realizovan je odgovarajući simulacioni model u odgovarajućem simulacionom softveru.

Rezultati: Rezultati ovog rada pokazali su da je najbrža evakuacija ostvarena za svaki od četiri scenarija pri brzini stanara od 1,75 m/s, s tim da za prva dva scenarija nisu zabeleženi zastoji, ali su za treći i četvrti scenario zastoji uočeni.Naime, u trećem scenariju do zastoja je došlo pri  brzini stanara od 0,75 m/s i 1,25 m/s, a u četvrtom scenariju za sve simulirane brzine stanara od 0,75 m/s do 1,75 m/s.

Zaključak: Upotreba odgovarajućeg simulacionog softvera omogućava brzo, precizno, bezbedno i jeftino izračunavanje evakuacionih vremena i može znatno poboljšati evakuacione procedure i evakuacionu strategiju.

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2021/01/14
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Originalni naučni radovi