Komparativna studija dva različita zeolita, BEA i ZSM-5, modifikovana bakrom i gvožđem tokom oksidacije fenola vodonik-peroksidom
Impact of Copper and Iron Ion Exchanged Zeolites BEA and ZSM-5 on the Catalytic Degradation of Phenol Using Hydrogen Peroxid
Sažetak
Uvod/cilj: Zagađenje vode organskim jedinjenjima kao što je fenol predstavlja značajan ekološki rizik. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je da se uporedi katalitička efikasnost zeolita ZSM-5 i BEA, modifikovanih gvožđem (Fe) i bakrom (Cu), u mokrojoksidaciji fenola korišćenjem vodonik-peroksida (H₂O₂).
Metod: Zeoliti BEA i ZSM-5 sintetisani su hidrotermalnim metodama, a zatim podvrgnuti jonskoj razmeni radi unošenja Cu²⁺ i Fe²⁺. Katalizatori su okarakterisani tehnikama XRD, FTIR, SEM i XPS. Oksidacija fenola izvođena je na 80°C u vodenoj sredini, sa molarnim odnosom H₂O₂/fenol između 10:1 i 15:1. Reakcioni proizvodi analizirani su metodom HPLC.
Rezultati: Kristalna struktura zeolita očuvana je nakon jonske razmene. Metali su bili ravnomerno raspoređeni na površini. Katalizatori Fe-BEA i Fe-ZSM-5 pokazali su najveću aktivnost (do 99% konverzije), zatim Cu-BEA (88%) i Cu-ZSM-5 (68%). Čisti zeoliti pokazali su nisku aktivnost (<10%). Optimalan odnos H₂O₂/fenol bio je 14:1. Fe-BEA se pokazao kao najefikasniji katalizator, kombinujući visoku aktivnost i bolju difuziju u porama.
Zaključak: Zeoliti modifikovani gvožđem, posebno Fe-BEA, predstavljaju veoma efikasne katalizatore za oksidaciju fenola u vodenoj sredini, nadmašujući kako uzorke modifikovane bakrom, tako i čiste zeolite. Poroznost strukture i priroda metala ključni su faktori koji određuju katalitičke performanse.
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