UTICAJ KLIMATSKIH PROMENA NA PROIZVODNJU KUPUSA
Sažetak
Za rast i razvoj kupusa optimalne temperature su od 15 do 18 ºC. Međutim, veći deo vegetacionog perioda kupusa je izložen temperaturama preko 20 ºC. Iz razloga dobijanja što veće cene na zelenoj pijaci proizvođači kupusa kreću sa što ranijim rokovima sadnje kupusa (ranog ili kasnog jesenjeg). Na sam kupus se "vrši pritisak" kroz obilnije navodnjavanje, gušći sklop, prihranu i zaštitu da bi u što kraćem roku formirao tržišno zbijenu glavicu (tehnološki zrelu), koja bi ostvarila što bolju dobit na tržištu. U cilju poboljšanja efikasnosti korišcenja vode i prilagodavanja kupusa toplijim i suvljim uslovima, za preporuku je korišćenje modifikovanih proizvodnih sistema. Akcenat možemo staviti na pomeranje datuma setve ili sadnje u cilju borbe protiv sve prisutnijeg povećanja temperature i perioda nedostatka vode tokom sezone uzgoja kupusa. Cilj ovog rada je ukazati na uticaj temperaturnog i vodenog stresa te dati određena rešenja koja se mogu praktično primeniti radi ublažavanja negativnog uticaja pomenutih stresova na proizvodnju kupusa. Prednost bi trebalo dati razvoju proizvodnih sistema za poboljšanje efikasnosti korišcenja vode prilagođenih uslovima toplog i suvog vremena. Navodnjavanje kupusa bi trebalo organizovati sistemom kap po kap. Ovim sistemom navodnjavanja racionalnije trošimo vodu, uz mogućnost uporednog prihranjivanja i zaštite.
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