EuReCa_Srbija 2014-2023 - Analiza podataka o nezapočinjanju KPR u odnosu na etiologiju srčanog zastoja
Sažetak
Uvod: Srčani zastoj je jedan od pet vodećih uzroka smrtnosti u Evropi. Pravovremeno prepoznavanje i primena kardiopulmonalne reanimacije (KPR) značajno povećavaju šanse za preživljavanje. Neophodno je bolje razumeti razloge za nezapočinjanje KPR-a, s ciljem da njihova identifikacija dovede do unapređenja smernica i povećanja stope preživljavanja.
Cilj: Cilj ovog rada je analiza podataka o nezapočinjanju KPR-a u kontekstu etiologije srčanog zastoja.
Materijal i metode: Studija je obuhvatila epidemiološke podatke o vanbolničkom srčanom zastoju (VBSZ) prikupljene putem upitnika iz studija EuReCa, Evropskog resuscitacionog saveta (ERC). Kriterijum za uključivanje u istraživanje bio je VBSZ zbrinut od strane hitne medicinske pomoći (HMP), a u analizu su uključeni i pedijatrijski pacijenti. Kreirana baza podataka se sastojala od informacija definisanih jedinstvenim protokolom studije EuReCa ONE, za period od 1. oktobra 2014. do 31. decembra 2023.
Rezultati: Ustanovili smo statistički značajnu povezanost Utstein i EuReCa etiologija srčanog zastoja i udela nezapočinjanja KPR kod zabeleženih slučajeva (p<0,001). Najveći procenat nezapočinjanja KPR je uočen kod pacijenata nakon utapanja, gde od 40 zabeleženih slučajeva submerzije ni u jednom nije započeta primena KPR mera, dok je najmanji procenat nezapočinjanja KPR zabeležen kod udara struje, gde od ukupno zabeležnih 15 slučajeva, KPR nije započet kod 5/15 (33,33%) slučajeva. Odnos započinjanja i nezapočinjanja KPR u grupi pacjienata sa kardiogenim srčanim zastojem je bio skoro identičan, odnosno KPR nije započet u 3293/6708 (49,1%) slučajeva. Binarna logistička regresiona analiza je ukazala na ženski pol pacijenta kao značajan prediktor nezapočinjanja KPR (p<0,001, OR 2,037, 95% CI 1,880-2,208).
Zaključak: Ova studija pruža značajne podatke koji mogu doprineti unapređenju strategija za prepoznavanje i intervenciju kod vanbolničkog srčanog zastoja u Srbiji. Potrebna su dodatna istraživanja i kontinuirano praćenje kako bi se utvrdio uticaj etiologije, ali i drugih faktora, na odluku o nezapočinjanju KPR-a.
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